ArticleJournal of clinical & cellular immunology2016
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) in Schizophrenia: A Review.
Article in Journal of clinical & cellular immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in peripheral blood compounds following psychopharmacological treatment in drug-naïve first-episode patients with either schizophrenia or major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2021Pooled it
- An update on the efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents for patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of genomic variants and gene expression data in schizophrenia suggests the potential need for adjunctive therapeutic interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders.Journal of genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Associations Between Non-neurological Autoimmune Disorders and Psychosis: A Meta-analysis.Biological psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.General hospital psychiatryPooled it
- Transcriptome-informed brain cartography of polygenic risk and association with brain structure in major psychiatric disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Mapping the genetic landscape of suicide risk: Insights from genomic SEM.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Research Hotspots and Emerging Trends of Schizophrenia and Immune Response: A Bibliometric Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Blood‑brain barrier dysfunction in schizophrenia: Mechanisms and implications (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Shared genetic architecture and bidirectional clinical risks within the psycho-metabolic nexus.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Unraveling the heart-brain axis: shared genetic mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases and Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Overexpression of the schizophrenia risk gene C4 in PV cells drives sex-dependent behavioral deficits and circuit dysfunction.iScience · 2024Article
- HLA-A, -B, -C and -DRB1 Association with Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk: A Sex-Related Analysis in Italian ASD Children and Their Siblings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Genetic contribution to microglial activation in schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Overexpression of the schizophrenia risk gene C4 in PV cells drives sex-dependent behavioral deficits and circuit dysfunction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Understanding the Variability of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: The Role of Epigenetic Factors.Genes · 2024Review
- Genetic risk for hospitalization of African American patients with severe mental illness reveals HLA loci.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Significance of an altered lncRNA landscape in schizophrenia and cognition: clues from a case-control association study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Common genetic variants contribute to heritability of age at onset of schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epidemiological studies and mouse models suggest that maternal immune activation, induced clinically through prenatal exposure to one of several infectious diseases, is a risk factor in the development of schizophrenia. This is supported by the strong genetic association established by genome wide association studies (GWAS) between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus and schizophrenia. HLA proteins (also known in mice as the major histocompatibility complex; MHC) are mediators of the T-lymphocyte responses, and genetic variability is well-established as a risk factor for autoimmune diseases and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Taken together, the findings strongly suggest that schizophrenia risk in a subgroup of patients is caused by an infectious disease, and/or an autoimmune phenomenon. However, this view may be overly simplistic. First, MHC proteins have a non-immune effect on synaptogenesis by modulating synaptic pruning by microglia and other mechanisms, suggesting that genetic variability could be compromising this physiological process. Second, some GWAS signals in the HLA locus map near non-HLA genes, such as the histone gene cluster. On the other hand, recent GWAS data show association signals near B-lymphocyte enhancers, which lend support for an infectious disease etiology. Thus, although the genetic findings implicating the HLA locus are very robust, how genetic variability in this region leads to schizophrenia remains to be elucidated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.