ReviewDialogues in clinical neuroscience2016
Sex differences in addiction.
Review in Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of exercise of different intensities on withdrawal symptoms among people with substance use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Opioid and Psychostimulant Craving and Relapse: A Critical Review.Pharmacological reviews · 2022Pooled it
- A gender-based secondary analysis of the ADAPT-2 combination naltrexone and bupropion treatment for methamphetamine use disorder trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Trial
- Acute tramadol enhances brain activity associated with reward anticipation in the nucleus accumbens.Psychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Predicting alcohol consumption and reward sensitivity using responses for natural sucrose reward in non-food-restricted rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Menstrual cycle-dependent white matter microstructural dynamics in women with substance use disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- E2F3a transcription factor mediates behavioral, cellular, and DNA-protein regulation of cocaine reward in the nucleus accumbens.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Behavioral variation across multiple phases of intravenous cocaine self-administration among genetically diverse mouse populations.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Influence of sex, anxiety, and risk-taking behavior on opioid and alcohol polysubstance consumption patterns.Addiction neuroscience · 2026Article
- Differential acquisition of cocaine and heroin self-administration in a rat model of internalizing versus externalizing temperament.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Effect of gonadectomy and hormone replacement on habenula-induced dopamine inhibition in female and male rats.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Opioid-specific brain connectivity dynamics distinguish analgesia from secondary effects: Studies in male mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Depleting retinoic acid synthesis in the nucleus accumbens shell produces a protective phenotype for emotional reactivity and drug-taking in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Effects of Sex, Estradiol, and Acute Stress on Spontaneous Recovery of a Conditioned Touchscreen Response in Rats.Neuroscience insights · 2026Article
- Repeated Morphine Exposure Reversibly Impairs Spike Generation and Repetitive Firing in a Functionally Distinct Subpopulation of Orexin Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Anxiety and risk-taking behavior maps onto opioid and alcohol polysubstance consumption patterns in male and female mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- L-type calcium channel blockade attenuates cue-induced cocaine-seeking in female rats.Behavioural brain research · 2025Article
- Reward Neurocircuitry Predicts Longitudinal Changes in Alcohol Use Following Trauma Exposure.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Sex differences in dorsal striatal volume and interest in quitting smoking.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Changes in Locomotor Activity Observed During Acute Nicotine Withdrawal Can Be Attenuated by Ghrelin and GHRP-6 in Rats.Biomedicines · 2025Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Women exhibit more rapid escalation from casual drug taking to addiction, exhibit a greater withdrawal response with abstinence, and tend to exhibit greater vulnerability than men in terms of treatment outcome. In rodents, short-term estradiol intake in female rats enhances acquisition and escalation of drug taking, motivation for drugs of abuse, and relapse-like behaviors. There is also a sex difference in the dopamine response in the nucleus accumbens. Ovariectomized female rats exhibit a smaller initial dopamine increase after cocaine treatment than castrated males. Estradiol treatment of ovariectomized female rats enhances stimulated dopamine release in the dorsolateral striatum, but not in the nucleus accumbens, resulting in a sex difference in the balance between these two dopaminergic projections. In the situation where drug-taking behavior becomes habitual, dopamine release has been reported to be enhanced in the dorsolateral striatum and attenuated in the nucleus accumbens. The sex difference in the balance between these neural systems is proposed to underlie sex differences in addiction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28179811PMC5286725What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.