ReviewAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology2017
Statistical controversies in clinical research: basket trials, umbrella trials, and other master protocols: a review and examples.
Review in Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Basket and umbrella trials in pediatric precision medicine: a systematic review of designs, opportunities, and challenges.BMC medical research methodology · 2026Pooled it
- Characteristics, Progression, and Output of Randomized Platform Trials: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Risk and benefit for umbrella trials in oncology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Design and analysis of umbrella trials: Where do we stand?Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review of combinations of targeted or immunotherapy in advanced solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review of basket trials, umbrella trials, and platform trials: a landscape analysis of master protocols.Trials · 2019Pooled it
- Bayesian sample size determination in basket trials borrowing information between subsets.Biostatistics (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Tumor Dynamic Model-Based Decision Support for Phase Ib/II Combination Studies: A Retrospective Assessment Based on Resampling of the Phase III Study IMpower150.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2023Trial
- Practical basket design for binary outcomes with control of family-wise error rate.BMC medical research methodology · 2023Trial
- Bayesian local exchangeability design for phase II basket trials.Statistics in medicine · 2022Trial
- Current usage and challenges of master protocols-based on survey results by ASA BIOP oncology methodology working group master protocol sub-team.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Novel clinical trial design and analytic methods to tackle challenges in therapeutic development in rare diseases.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Challenges, opportunities, and innovative statistical designs for precision oncology trials.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Gender differences in molecular-guided therapy recommendations for metastatic malignant mesothelioma.Thoracic cancer · 2020Trial
- Current translational perspectives for diagnosis and individualized therapy in rare genetic diseases.Communications medicine · 2026Review
- Advancing clinical trials for rare renal cell carcinoma subtypes: Consensus statements from the International Kidney Cancer Symposium North America 2025 think tank.Urologic oncology · 2026Article
- Targeting GLUTs in Cancer: Mechanisms, Combination Strategies, and Translational Challenges.Current medical science · 2026Review
- The Case for Master Protocols for Rare Neurological Diseases.Annals of neurology · 2026Review
- Cancer drug response and resistance: molecular mechanisms and combating strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Frequentist Identification of Effective Baskets via the Generalized Information Criteria in Oncology Phase 2 Trials.Statistics in medicine · 2026Article
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years, cancers once viewed as relatively homogeneous in terms of organ location and treatment strategy are now better understood to be increasingly heterogeneous across biomarker and genetically defined patient subgroups. This has produced a shift toward development of biomarker-targeted agents during a time when funding for cancer research has been limited; as a result, the need for improved operational efficiency in studying many agent-and-target combinations in parallel has emerged. Platform trials, basket trials, and umbrella trials are new approaches to clinical research driven by this need for enhanced efficiency in the modern era of increasingly specific cancer subpopulations and decreased resources to study treatments for individual cancer subtypes in a traditional way. In this review, we provide an overview of these new types of clinical trial designs, including discussions of motivation for their use, recommended terminology, examples, and challenges encountered in their application.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.