ArticleThe European journal of neuroscience2017
From Maxwell's equations to the theory of current-source density analysis.
Article in The European journal of neuroscience, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of the Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by Cosmetic Laser and Light Equipment.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- kCSD-python, reliable current source density estimation with quality control.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Electrocardiographic approach strategies in patients with Parkinson disease treated with deep brain stimulation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Computing Extracellular Electric Potentials from Neuronal Simulations.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- An electrodiffusive neuron-extracellular-glia model for exploring the genesis of slow potentials in the brain.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- What we can and what we cannot see with extracellular multielectrodes.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- An electrodiffusive, ion conserving Pinsky-Rinzel model with homeostatic mechanisms.PLoS computational biology · 2020Article
- Lag-invariant detection of interactions in spatially-extended systems using linear inverse modeling.PloS one · 2020Article
- Finite Element Simulation of Ionic Electrodiffusion in Cellular Geometries.Frontiers in neuroinformatics · 2020Article
- V1 microcircuit dynamics: altered signal propagation suggests intracortical origins for adaptation in response to visual repetition.Journal of neurophysiology · 2019Article
- EFrontiers in neuroinformatics · 2019Article
- A Kirchhoff-Nernst-Planck framework for modeling large scale extracellular electrodiffusion surrounding morphologically detailed neurons.PLoS computational biology · 2018Article
- Investigating large-scale brain dynamics using field potential recordings: analysis and interpretation.Nature neuroscience · 2018Review
- Somatotopic Representation of Second Pain in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex of Humans and Rodents.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Ion diffusion may introduce spurious current sources in current-source density (CSD) analysis.Journal of neurophysiology · 2017Article
- A Full-wave Solution of Deep Sources in the Lossy Human Head to Accurate Electroencephalography and Magnetoencephalography.Basic and clinical neuroscienceArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of current-source density (CSD) analysis of extracellular potential recordings in the brain, the physical mechanisms responsible for the generation of the signal are still debated. While the extracellular potential is thought to be exclusively generated by the transmembrane currents, recent studies suggest that extracellular diffusive, advective and displacement currents-traditionally neglected-may also contribute considerably toward extracellular potential recordings. Here, we first justify the application of the electro-quasistatic approximation of Maxwell's equations to describe the electromagnetic field of physiological origin. Subsequently, we perform spatial averaging of currents in neural tissue to arrive at the notion of the CSD and derive an equation relating it to the extracellular potential. We show that, in general, the extracellular potential is determined by the CSD of membrane currents as well as the gradients of the putative extracellular diffusion current. The diffusion current can contribute significantly to the extracellular potential at frequencies less than a few Hertz; in which case it must be subtracted to obtain correct CSD estimates. We also show that the advective and displacement currents in the extracellular space are negligible for physiological frequencies while, within cellular membrane, displacement current contributes toward the CSD as a capacitive current. Taken together, these findings elucidate the relationship between electric currents and the extracellular potential in brain tissue and form the necessary foundation for the analysis of extracellular recordings.
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