Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28175320›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2017

Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time.

Will P M Rowe, Craig Baker-Austin, David W Verner-Jeffreys, Jim J Ryan, Christianne Micallef, Duncan J Maskell, Gareth P Pearce

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prevalence of carbapenem-resistantPathogens and global health
    Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. City or Suburb, Resistance Flows: Wastewater-BorneAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
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  11. Review
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  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Risk Factors Associated with Carbapenemase-ProducingApplied and environmental microbiology · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Will P M RoweDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Craig Baker-AustinCentre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, UK.
David W Verner-JeffreysCentre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, UK.
Jim J RyanEnvironment, Health and Safety, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, UK.
Christianne MicallefPharmacy Department, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Duncan J MaskellDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Gareth P PearceDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilWellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Effluents contain a diverse abundance of antibiotic resistance genes that augment the resistome of receiving aquatic environments. However, uncertainty remains regarding their temporal persistence, transcription and response to anthropogenic factors, such as antibiotic usage. We present a spatiotemporal study within a river catchment (River Cam, UK) that aims to determine the contribution of antibiotic resistance gene-containing effluents originating from sites of varying antibiotic usage to the receiving environment. Methods: Gene abundance in effluents (municipal hospital and dairy farm) was compared against background samples of the receiving aquatic environment (i.e. the catchment source) to determine the resistome contribution of effluents. We used metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to correlate DNA and RNA abundance and identified differentially regulated gene transcripts. Results: We found that mean antibiotic resistance gene and transcript abundances were correlated for both hospital ( ρ  = 0.9, two-tailed P  <0.0001) and farm ( ρ  = 0.5, two-tailed P   <0.0001) effluents and that two β-lactam resistance genes ( bla GES and bla OXA ) were overexpressed in all hospital effluent samples. High β-lactam resistance gene transcript abundance was related to hospital antibiotic usage over time and hospital effluents contained antibiotic residues. Conclusions: We conclude that effluents contribute high levels of antibiotic resistance genes to the aquatic environment; these genes are expressed at significant levels and are possibly related to the level of antibiotic usage at the effluent source.

Indexed as

Gene ExpressionHospitalsWater MicrobiologyAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriabeta-Lactam ResistanceDairyingDrug Resistance, MicrobialFarmsGene Expression ProfilingGenes, BacterialHumansMetagenomicsRiversSpatio-Temporal AnalysisWastewaterAnti-Bacterial AgentsWastewater

Identifiers

PMID28175320
PMCPMC5437528

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.