ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2017
Vaginal estrogen: a dual-edged sword in postoperative healing of the vaginal wall.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05317364 (Topical Vaginal Estrogen for Postpartum Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury Recovery), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Topical Vaginal Estrogen for Postpartum Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury Recovery: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effects of oestrogen on vaginal wound healing: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2022Pooled it
- Bone mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ovariectomized osteoporotic rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2019Pooled it
- RL-QN15 accelerates vaginal mucosal repair by regulating inflammatory, autophagic, and apoptotic responses.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Long-Term Outcomes of Transvaginal Mesh in Younger Women: A Retrospective Study.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Multidimensional regulation of estrogen signaling in pelvic floor connective tissue homeostasis and remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Analyzing google search trends for "vaginal estrogen" and its relationship to medical recommendations for post-menopausal women.International journal of impotence research · 2025Review
- Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Old Rats Improves Healing and Biomechanical Properties of Vaginal Tissue Following Surgical Incision in Aged Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Metagenomic analysis reveals a dynamic microbiome with diversified adaptive functions that respond to ovulation regulation in the mouse endometrium.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Cellular and extracellular vaginal changes following murine ovarian removal.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- Intravaginal estrogen management in postmenopausal patients with vaginal squamous intraepithelial lesions along with COOpen life sciences · 2023Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation improves biomechanical properties of vaginal tissue following full-thickness incision in aged rats.Stem cell reports · 2022Article
- Biaxial Murine Vaginal Remodeling With Reproductive Aging.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2022Article
- An Avant-Garde Model of Injury-Induced Regenerative Vaginal Wound Healing.Advances in wound care · 2021Article
- Age-associated impairments in tissue strength and immune response in a rat vaginal injury model.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- Article
- Breastfeeding and pelvic floor disorders one to two decades after vaginal delivery.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2019Article
- Emerging technologies in pediatric gynecology: new paradigms in women's health care.Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology · 2019Review
- Effect of Protease Inhibitors in Healing of the Vaginal Wall.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The mysteries of menopause and urogynecologic health: clinical and scientific gaps.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Review
- Systemically transplanted mesenchymal stem cells induce vascular-like structure formation in a rat model of vaginal injury.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveReconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapse is plagued with high failure rates possibly due to impaired healing or regeneration of the vaginal wall. Here, we tested the hypothesis that postoperative administration of local estrogen, direct injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), or both lead to improved wound healing of the injured vagina in a menopausal rat model.
methodsOvariectomized rats underwent surgical injury to the posterior vaginal wall and were randomized to treatment with placebo (n = 41), estrogen cream (n = 47), direct injection of MSCs (n = 39), or both (n = 43).
resultsMSCs did not survive after injection and had no appreciable effects on healing of the vaginal wall. Acute postoperative administration of vaginal estrogen altered the response of the vaginal wall to injury with decreased stiffness, decreased collagen content, and decreased expression of transcripts for matrix components in the stromal compartment. Conversely, vaginal estrogen resulted in marked proliferation of the epithelial layer and increased expression of genes related to epithelial barrier function and protease inhibition. Transcripts for genes involved in chronic inflammation and adaptive immunity were also down-regulated in the estrogenized epithelium.
conclusionsCollectively, these data indicate that, in contrast to the reported positive effects of preoperative estrogen on the uninjured vagina, acute administration of postoperative vaginal estrogen has adverse effects on the early phase of healing of the stromal layer. In contrast, postoperative estrogen plays a positive role in healing of the vaginal epithelium after injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.