ArticleAlzheimer disease and associated disorders
Time, Sex, Gender, History, and Dementia.
Article in Alzheimer disease and associated disorders. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The role of microRNAs in understanding sex-based differences in Alzheimer's disease.Biology of sex differences · 2024Pooled it
- Sex differences in dementia risk and risk factors: Individual-participant data analysis using 21 cohorts across six continents from the COSMIC consortium.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Pooled it
- Modeling Alzheimer's disease: Bayesian copula graphical model from demographic, cognitive, and neuroimaging data.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- Leveraging multiomic approaches to elucidate mechanisms of heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease: Neuropsychiatric symptoms, co-pathologies, and sex differences.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Lower water-soluble vitamins and higher homocysteine are associated with neurodegenerative diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress Biomarkers as Preclinical Markers of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Impact of Age and Sex.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Alzheimer's Disease: Genetic, Hormonal, and Inflammation Impacts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Risk and sex-specific trends of dementia and stroke in Italy Compared to European and high-income countries and the world: global implications.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Sex differences in cognitive decline among middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study in Europe.Age and ageing · 2024Article
- Controversial Past, Splendid Present, Unpredictable Future: A Brief Review of Alzheimer Disease History.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Decreasing Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia Among Octogenarians: A Population-Based Study on 3 Cohorts Born 30 Years Apart.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- The role of sex differences in depression in pathologically defined Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Change in the incidence of Parkinson's disease in a large UK primary care database.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2022Article
- Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Models for Studying Sex-Specific Differences in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Review
- Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis and Progression Rates: Implications for Therapeutic Trials.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- Moderating effect of cognitive reserve on brain integrity and cognitive performance.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Estrogen receptors and the aging brain.Essays in biochemistry · 2021Review
- Sex Difference in the Risk of Dementia in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Sex, Genes, and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): A Call for a Gender Inclusive Approach to the Study of TBI in the Lab.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
A growing body of epidemiologic evidence indicates a decline in the incidence or prevalence of dementia in high income countries in the past 25 years. In this commentary, I first suggest that the decline in the incidence or prevalence of dementia is not explained completely by the factors considered so far, and that a broader historical perspective may be needed. Second, I suggest that the overall declining trend may conceal trends in opposite directions for the two major subtypes of dementia, the neurovascular and the neurodegenerative type. Third, I suggest some areas of future research to further elucidate the trends. The future of dementia remains somewhat unclear. Even if the incidence continues to decline, the prevalence may remain the same or increase if survival of persons affected by dementia increases. In addition, even if the prevalence declines, the total number of persons affected by dementia may remain the same or increase if the size of the elderly population expands. Finally, we cannot be sure that the decline in incidence will continue in the coming decades. With cautious optimism, we may conclude that the burden of dementia may be modified over time by human practices, including public health and medicine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.