ArticleFrontiers in immunology2017
Distinct Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the clinical efficacy, safety and molecular mechanism of sulforaphane in autism spectrum disorder: an integrated study combining meta-analysis, network pharmacology, and computational biology.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Association of Peripheral Blood Levels of Cytokines With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Advancing understanding of the mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder through perinatal risk factors.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Immune-related mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation in the intestinal microenvironment as a potential intervention for autism spectrum disorder patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Case Report: MECP2 and SH3KBP1 variants associated with autism spectrum disorder and immune dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Neuroinflammatory Mediated Mechanism of Pathogenesis?Inflammation · 2025Review
- Immune biomarkers for epilepsy in autism: indications of cytokine alterations in an exploratory cross-sectional pediatric study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Inflammatory biotype of ADHD is linked to chronic stress: a data-driven analysis of the inflammatory proteome.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Rodent Models for ASD Biomarker Development.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Cytokine Dynamics in Autism: Analysis of BMAC Therapy Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Maternal Chronic Ultrasound Stress Provokes Immune Activation and Behavioral Deficits in the Offspring: A Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Altered Cytokine and BDNF Levels in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Immune Dysregulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Do We Know about It?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Increased Serum Level of CCL5 in Children with Attention‑Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: First Results about Serum Chemokines.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Neonatal chemokine markers predict subsequent diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and delayed development.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2022Article
- Article
- Neuronal Cell Adhesion Molecules May Mediate Neuroinflammation in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- 17q12 Recurrent Deletions and Duplications: Description of a Case Series with Neuropsychiatric Phenotype.Genes · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that immunological factors are involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, this research has been conducted almost exclusively in Western contexts, and only a handful of studies on immune measures have been conducted in Asian populations, such as Chinese populations. The present study examined whether immunological abnormalities are associated with cognitive deficits and problem behaviors in Chinese children with ASD and whether these children show different immunological profiles. Thirteen typically developing (TD) children and 22 children with ASD, aged 6-17 years, participated voluntarily in the study. Executive functions and short-term memory were measured using neuropsychological tests, and behavioral measures were assessed using parent ratings. The children were also assessed on immunological measures, specifically, the levels of cytokines and chemokines in the blood serum. Children with ASD showed greater deficits in cognitive functions, as well as altered levels of immunological measures, including CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL9 levels, compared to TD children, and the cognitive functions and associated behavioral deficits of children with ASD were significantly associated with different immunological measures. The children were further sub-classified into ASD with only autistic features (ASD-only) or ASD comorbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ASD + ADHD). The comorbidity results showed that there were no differences between the two groups of ASD children in any of the cognitive or behavioral measures. However, the results pertaining to immunological measures showed that the children with ASD-only and ASD + ADHD exhibited distinct cytokine and chemokine profiles and that abnormal immunologic function was associated with cognitive functions and inattention/hyperactivity symptoms. These results support the notion that altered immune functions may play a role in the selective cognitive and behavioral symptoms of ASD.
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Registered trials
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