Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28167511›Full record

Trial reportPediatrics2017

Incentive-based Intervention to Maintain Breastfeeding Among Low-income Puerto Rican Mothers.

Yukiko Washio, Mara Humphreys, Elisa Colchado, Maria Sierra-Ortiz, Zugui Zhang, Bradley N Collins, Linda M Kilby, Donna J Chapman, Stephan T Higgins, Kimberly C Kirby

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Pediatrics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04540575 (Reducing Disparity in Receipt of Mother's Own Milk in Very Low Birth Weight Infants), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04540575 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Reducing Disparity in Receipt of Mother's Own Milk in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: An Economic Intervention to Improve Adherence to Sustained Maternal Breast Pump Use

TypeinterventionalSponsorRush University Medical CenterRan2020 to 2025Enrolled362ConditionsPumping, Breast, Milk, Human, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Preterm BirthArmsNICU Acquires MOM, Mother Provides MOM
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Breastfeeding interventions for preventing postpartum depression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
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  8. Pooled it
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  13. Las Dos Cosas Versus Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Culturally and Linguistically Exploratory Intervention Study in Hispanic Mothers Living in Kentucky.Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners
    Trial
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yukiko WashioChristiana Care Health System/University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware; ywashio@udel.edu.
Mara HumphreysCollege of Education and.
Elisa ColchadoCollege of Education and.
Maria Sierra-OrtizTemple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Zugui ZhangChristiana Care Health System/University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
Bradley N CollinsDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Linda M KilbyN.O.R.T.H., Inc-Philadelphia WIC program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Donna J ChapmanSpringfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts.
Stephan T HigginsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
Kimberly C KirbyDepartment of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey; and.

Funding

Group Intervention to Increase Breastfeeding Duration among Puerto Rican MothersR03HD077057 · NICHD · TREATMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI WASHIO, YUKIKO · 2014 to 2015
$135k
NICHD NIH HHS R03 HD077057
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveDespite maternal and child health benefits, breastfeeding rates are relatively low among low-income Puerto Rican mothers. This study examined the hypothesis that monthly financial incentives would significantly increase the proportion of breastfeeding mothers at 6 months postpartum compared with Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) services only among Puerto Rican mothers.

methodsA randomized, 2-arm parallel-group design, from February 2015 through February 2016. Half of the randomized participants received monthly financial incentives contingent on observed breastfeeding for 6 months (Incentive), and the other half received usual WIC services only (Control). Thirty-six self-identified Puerto Rican women who initiated breastfeeding were enrolled. Monthly cash incentives were contingent on observed breastfeeding increasing the amount given at each month from $20 to $70 for a total possible of $270.

resultsThe intent-to-treat analysis showed significantly higher percentages of breastfeeding mothers in the incentive group at each time point compared with those in the control group (89% vs 44%,

conclusionsContingent cash incentives significantly increased breastfeeding through 6-month postpartum among WIC-enrolled Puerto Rican mothers; however, no significant differences between the study groups were observed on exclusive breastfeeding rate and infant outcomes. Larger-scale studies are warranted to examine efficacy, implementation potential, and cost-effectiveness.

Indexed as

MothersMotivationAdultBreast FeedingFemaleFood AssistanceHealth PromotionHispanic or LatinoHumansInfant, NewbornPhiladelphiaPovertyPuerto RicoYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID28167511
PMCPMC5330404

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.