Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28165805›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery2017

Development and characterization of polymer-coated liposomes for vaginal delivery of sildenafil citrate.

Hanan Refai, Doaa Hassan, Rehab Abdelmonem

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug delivery, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Liposomal Formulation of Bioactive Substances fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Nanoencapsulation of Asparagus (Food science & nutrition · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Nanoscale advances · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Nanoliposome-Loaded Phenolics fromAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Chinese medicine Yangmo decoction ameliorates intrauterine adhesion prognosis following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Hanan Refaia Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt and.
Doaa Hassanb Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology , 6th of October City , Egypt.
Rehab Abdelmonemb Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology , 6th of October City , Egypt.
Misr University for Science and Technology · EG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaginal administration of sildenafil citrate has shown recently to develop efficiently the uterine lining with subsequent successful embryo implantation following in vitro fertilization. The aim of the present study was to develop sildenafil-loaded liposomes coated with bioadhesive polymers for enhanced vaginal retention and improved drug permeation. Three liposomal formulae were prepared by thin-film method using different phospholipid:cholesterol ratios. The optimal liposomal formulation was coated with bioadhesive polymers (chitosan and HPMC). A marked increase in liposomal size and zeta potential was observed for all coated liposomal formulations. HPMC-coated liposomes showed the greater bioadhesion and higher entrapment efficiency than chitosan-coated formulae. The in vitro release studies showed prolonged release of sildenafil from coated liposomes as compared to uncoated liposomes and sildenafil solution. Ex vivo permeation study revealed the enhanced permeation of coated relative to uncoated liposomes. Chitosan-coated formula demonstrated highest drug permeation and was thus selected for further investigations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful coating of the liposomes by chitosan. Histopathological in vivo testing proved the efficacy of chitosan-coated liposomes to improve blood flow to the vaginal endometrium and to increase endometrial thickness. Chitosan-coated liposomes can be considered as potential novel drug delivery system intended for the vaginal administration of sildenafil, which would prolong system's retention at the vaginal site and enhance the permeation of sildenafil to uterine blood circulation.

Indexed as

AdhesivesAdministration, IntravaginalAnimalsCattleDrug CarriersDrug CompoundingDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationFemaleLiposomesPolymersRatsSildenafil CitrateVaginaAdhesivesDrug CarriersLiposomesPolymersSildenafil CitrateChitosanex vivo vaginal permeationhistopathological studypolymer-coated liposomessildenafil citratevaginal administration

Identifiers

PMID28165805
PMCPMC8241125
OpenAlexW2586546028

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.