ArticleJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI2017
Simultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (SNAP) imaging: Comparison with contrast-enhanced MR angiography for measuring carotid stenosis.
Article in Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging in extracranial cervical artery dissection.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Automated MRI-based segmentation of intracranial arterial calcification by restricting feature complexity.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025Article
- The use of SNAP and T1-weighted VISTA in cervical artery dissection.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2023Article
- Integrated head and neck imaging of symptomatic patients with stroke using simultaneous non-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage imaging as compared with digital subtraction angiography.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2022Article
- Vessel length on SNAP MRA and TOF MRA is a potential imaging biomarker for brain blood flow.Magnetic resonance imaging · 2021Article
- Carotid plaque imaging profiling in subjects with risk factors (diabetes and hypertension).Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2020Review
- Improved carotid lumen delineation on non-contrast MR angiography using SNAP (Simultaneous Non-Contrast Angiography and Intraplaque Hemorrhage) imaging.Magnetic resonance imaging · 2019Article
- Semiautomatic carotid intraplaque hemorrhage volume measurement using 3D carotid MRI.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2019Article
- Evaluation of carotid atherosclerotic plaque surface characteristics utilizing simultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (SNAP) technique.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate in a proof-of-concept study the feasibility of Simultaneous Noncontrast Angiography and intraPlaque hemorrhage (SNAP) imaging as a clinical magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) technique for measuring carotid stenosis. There is a growing interest in detecting intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) during the clinical management of carotid disease, yet luminal stenosis has remained indispensable during clinical decision-making. SNAP imaging has been proposed as a novel IPH imaging technique that provides carotid MRA with no added scan time. Flowing blood shows negative signal on SNAP because of phase-sensitive inversion recovery. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn all, 58 asymptomatic subjects with 16-79% stenosis on ultrasound were scanned at 3T by SNAP with 0.8 mm isotropic resolution and 16 cm longitudinal coverage. Two readers measured luminal stenosis of bilateral carotid arteries (n = 116) on minimum intensity projections of SNAP using the NASCET criteria. In the subset (48 arteries) with contrast-enhanced (CE) MRA available for comparison, luminal stenosis was also measured on maximum intensity projections of CE-MRA.
resultsIntraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 95% confidence intervals were 0.94 (0.90-0.96) and 0.93 (0.88-0.96) for intra- and interreader agreement on stenosis measurements, respectively. Corresponding kappas for grading stenosis (0-29%, 30-69%, 70-99%, and 100%) were 0.79 (0.67-0.89) and 0.80 (0.68-0.90). Agreement between SNAP and CE-MRA was high (ICC: 0.95 [0.90-0.98]; kappa: 0.82 [0.71-0.93]).
conclusionAs a dedicated IPH-imaging sequence, SNAP also provided carotid stenosis measurement that showed high intra- and interreader consistency and excellent agreement with CE-MRA. Further comparisons with digital subtraction angiography and other noninvasive techniques are warranted. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1045-1052.
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