Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28161394›Full record

ArticleOsteoarthritis and cartilage2017

Magic angle effect plays a major role in both T1rho and T2 relaxation in articular cartilage.

H Shao, C Pauli, S Li, Y Ma, A S Tadros, A Kavanaugh, E Y Chang, G Tang, J Du

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Advances in cartilage imaging techniques.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026
    Review
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  9. TJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025
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  17. Assessment of ultrashort echo time (UTE) TQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

H ShaoDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
C PauliInstitute for Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
S LiDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
Y MaDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
A S TadrosDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
A KavanaughDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
E Y ChangDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
G TangDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
J DuDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: jiangdu@ucsd.edu.
University of California, San Diego · USFudan University · CNShanghai Tenth People's Hospital · CNUniversity Hospital of Zurich · CH

Funding

Ultrashort Echo Time (UTE) Magnetic Resonance Imaging of BoneR01AR068987 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DU, JIANG · 2015 to 2024
$4.9M
Quantitative UTE MR Imaging: Sensitive Biomarkers for OsteoarthritisR01AR062581 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DU, JIANG · 2013 to 2022
$4.1M
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Human Rotator Cuff TendonI01CX001388 · VA · VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI CHANG, ERIC Y · 2016 to 2024
–
CSRD VA I01 CX001388NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR062581NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR068987
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate the effect of sample orientation on T1rho and T2 values of articular cartilage in histologically confirmed normal and abnormal regions using a whole-body 3T scanner. MATERIALS AND

methodsEight human cadaveric patellae were evaluated using a 2D CPMG sequence for T2 measurement as well as a 2D spin-locking prepared spiral sequence and a 3D magnetization-prepared angle-modulated partitioned-k-space spoiled gradient echo snapshots (3D MAPSS) sequence for T1rho measurement. Each sample was imaged at six angles from 0° to 100° relative to the B

resultsOur study demonstrated a strong magic angle effect for T1rho and T2 relaxation in articular cartilage, especially in the deeper layers of cartilage. On average, T2 values were increased by 231.8% (72.2% for superficial, 237.6% for middle, and 187.9% for deep layers) while T1rho values were increased by 92% (31.7% for superficial, 69% for middle, and 140% for deep layers) near the magic angle. Both normal and abnormal cartilage showed similar T1rho and T2 magic angle effect.

conclusionsChanges in T1rho and T2 values due to the magic angle effect can be several times more than that caused by degeneration, and this may significantly complicate the clinical application of T1rho and T2 as an early surrogate marker for degeneration.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overCadaverCartilage, ArticularFemaleHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedPatellaArticular cartilageDegenerationMagic angleT1rhoT2

Identifiers

PMID28161394
PMCPMC5732002
OpenAlexW2583936276

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.