ArticlePLoS pathogens2017
Toxin Mediates Sepsis Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Search for Potentially VirulentInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The pathogenicity and virulence of the opportunistic pathogenVirulence · 2024Review
- Methicillin Resistance Elements in the Canine PathogenAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Virulence attributes of successful methicillin-resistantClinical microbiology reviews · 2023Review
- Difficult-to-Treat Pathogens: A Review on the Management of Multidrug-ResistantLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Role of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Biofilms on Late-Onset Sepsis: Current Challenges and Emerging Diagnostics and Therapies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Is Peracetic Acid Fumigation Effective in Public Transportation?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Look Who's Talking: Host and Pathogen Drivers ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Fusaric Acid Derivative qy17 InhibitsFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Phenol-soluble modulin contributes to the dispersal ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Rapid pathogen-specific recruitment of immune effector cells in the skin by secreted toxins.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- Non-Native Peptides Capable of Pan-Activating theACS chemical biology · 2021Article
- Bacterial toxins in musculoskeletal infections.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2021Review
- Bacterial virulence plays a crucial role in MRSA sepsis.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Functions in Gram-Positive Bacteria.Infection and immunity · 2020Review
- Metagenomic Studies in Inflammatory Skin Diseases.Current microbiology · 2020Review
- Interplay of Staphylococcal and Host Proteases Promotes Skin Barrier Disruption in Netherton Syndrome.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Conformational Switch to a β-Turn in a Staphylococcal Quorum Sensing Signal Peptide Causes a Dramatic Increase in Potency.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2020Article
- Article
- Surface Proteins ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis is a major killer in hospitalized patients. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) with the leading species Staphylococcus epidermidis are the most frequent causes of nosocomial sepsis, with most infectious isolates being methicillin-resistant. However, which bacterial factors underlie the pathogenesis of CNS sepsis is unknown. While it has been commonly believed that invariant structures on the surface of CNS trigger sepsis by causing an over-reaction of the immune system, we show here that sepsis caused by methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis is to a large extent mediated by the methicillin resistance island-encoded peptide toxin, PSM-mec. PSM-mec contributed to bacterial survival in whole human blood and resistance to neutrophil-mediated killing, and caused significantly increased mortality and cytokine expression in a mouse sepsis model. Furthermore, we show that the PSM-mec peptide itself, rather than the regulatory RNA in which its gene is embedded, is responsible for the observed virulence phenotype. This finding is of particular importance given the contrasting roles of the psm-mec locus that have been reported in S. aureus strains, inasmuch as our findings suggest that the psm-mec locus may exert effects in the background of S. aureus strains that differ from its original role in the CNS environment due to originally "unintended" interferences. Notably, while toxins have never been clearly implied in CNS infections, our tissue culture and mouse infection model data indicate that an important type of infection caused by the predominant CNS species is mediated to a large extent by a toxin. These findings suggest that CNS infections may be amenable to virulence-targeted drug development approaches.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.