ArticleCell death & disease2017
Colon cancer cell treatment with rose bengal generates a protective immune response via immunogenic cell death.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intralesional PV-10 for the treatment of in-transit melanoma metastases-Results of a prospective, non-randomized, single center study.Journal of surgical oncology · 2018Trial
- Innovative photodynamic therapy using rose bengal for the treatment of human melanoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Photo- and Immunotherapy Interface: Can Dendritic Cell Vaccines Overcome the Limitations of PDT?Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Disulfiram/Copper Combined with Irradiation Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Melanoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- PV-10 Triggers Immunogenic Cell Death in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2025Article
- Novel Computational Analysis Identifies Cytotoxic Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Balance in Tumors as a Predictor of Recurrence-Free Survival in Colorectal Carcinoma.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- A phase 1 study to assess the safety, tolerability and effectiveness of PV-10 (Rose Bengal Sodium) in neuroendocrine tumours metastatic to the liver.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Advancements in Cancer Therapy: Mycoviruses and Their Oncolytic Potential.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Rose Bengal-Chitosan Nanocomposites for Oral Administration.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluating the efficacy of Rose Bengal-PVA combinations within PCL/PLA implants for sustained cancer treatment.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- Photoactivated Rose Bengal Triggers Phospholipid Hydroperoxidation and Late Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025Article
- High Efficacy of Rose Bengal in Reducing the Pathogenicity ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic strategies of targeting non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) with small-molecule compounds in cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Miniature wireless LED-device for photodynamic-induced cell pyroptosis.Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Molecular engineering of a spheroid-penetrating phage nanovector for photodynamic treatment of colon cancer cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- A novel neoadjuvant therapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer in a mouse model.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Article
- Identification of immunogenic cell death-related genes involved in Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Reactive oxygen species drive foraging decisions in Caenorhabditis elegans.Redox biology · 2023Article
- Afzelin induces immunogenic cell death against lung cancer by targeting NQO2.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic approaches to manage patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies are desired; however, mechanisms to incite tumor-specific immune responses remain to be elucidated. Rose bengal (RB) is toxic at low concentrations to malignant cells and may induce damage-associated molecular patterns; therefore, we investigated its potential as an immunomodulator in colon cancer. Murine and human colon cancer lines were treated with RB (10% in saline/PV-10) for cell cycle, cell death, and apoptosis assays. Damage-associated molecular patterns were assessed with western blot, ELISA, and flow cytometry. In an immunocompetent murine model of colon cancer, we demonstrate that tumors regress upon RB treatment, and that RB induces cell death in colon cancer cells through G2/M growth arrest and predominantly necrosis. RB-treated colon cancer cells expressed distinct hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (ICD), including enhanced expression of calreticulin and heat-shock protein 90 on the cell surface, a decrease in intracellular ATP, and the release of HMGB1. To confirm the ICD phenotype, we vaccinated immunocompetent animals with syngeneic colon cancer cells treated with RB. RB-treated tumors served as a vaccine against subsequent challenge with the same CT26 colon cancer tumor cells, and vaccination with in vitro RB-treated cells resulted in slower tumor growth following inoculation with colon cancer cells, but not with syngeneic non-CT26 cancer cells, suggesting a specific antitumor immune response. In conclusion, RB serves as an inducer of ICD that contributes to enhanced specific antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.