Observational studyArthritis research & therapy2017
A longitudinal study of fecal calprotectin and the development of inflammatory bowel disease in ankylosing spondylitis.
Observational study in Arthritis research & therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Trial of Osteoporosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Frequency of Elevated Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Psoriatic Arthritis and Its Predictive Role for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Occurrence: a Prospective, Long-term, Controlled Study.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frequency of irritable bowel syndrome in spondyloarthritis: a multicentric cross-sectional study and meta-analysis.RMD open · 2024Pooled it
- Risk for development of inflammatory bowel disease under inhibition of interleukin 17: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- [Long version on the S3 guidelines for axial spondyloarthritis including Bechterew's disease and early forms, Update 2019 : Evidence-based guidelines of the German Society for Rheumatology (DGRh) and participating medical scientific specialist societies and other organizations].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2019Guideline
- Gut microbiome in chronic rheumatic and inflammatory bowel diseases: Similarities and differences.United European gastroenterology journal · 2019Pooled it
- Faecal calprotectin for the diagnosis of bowel inflammation in patients with rheumatologic diseases: what is new in the last 5 years (2020-2025)?EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- DEFB4A/hBD2, a non-invasive serum biomarker for detection of ulcerative colitis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Gut inflammation is associated with structural spinal damage in axial spondyloarthritis - results from the observational SPARTAKUS cohort.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Observational
- IBD Prediction Is Possible, but How Far Are We from Implementing It?Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Review
- Gut expression of CD71 and co-localisation with Dec-1 associated with high levels of serum SIgA and disease activity in SpA.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association Between Maternal IBD-Related Antibodies and Early Life Gut Inflammatory Status and Microbiota Composition: Insights from Cord Blood.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Association of Inflammatory Factors and Calcium Metabolism With Arthritis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Evidence From Mediated Mendelian Randomization.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota and ankylosing spondylitis: current insights and future challenges.Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2025Review
- Genetic Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Second-Line Therapy Need in Crohn's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Elevated Calprotectin Levels Reveal Loss of Vascular Pattern and Atrophy of Villi in Ileum by Digital Chromoendoscopy and Magnification Colonoscopy in Patients with Spondyloarthritis Without Having Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- GIScaSpA-study of subclinical gut involvement in axial spondyloarthritis.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2024Article
- Decreased fecal calprotectin levels in Spondyloarthritis patients colonized by Blastocystis spp.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Extra-Articular Manifestations in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Baseline Characteristics from the RBSMR Study.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2022Article
- Expression of CD44 in Leukocyte Subpopulations in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Gut dysbiosis associated with worse disease activity and physical function in axial spondyloarthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2022Article
- Effects of intestinal microbes on rheumatic diseases: A bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are at increased risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to determine the variation in fecal calprotectin in AS over 5 years in relation to disease activity and medication and also to study the incidence of and predictors for development of IBD.
methodsFecal calprotectin was assessed at baseline (n = 204) and at 5-year follow-up (n = 164). The patients answered questionnaires and underwent clinical evaluations. At baseline and at 5-year follow-up, ileocolonoscopy was performed in patients with fecal calprotectin ≥500 mg/kg and ≥200 mg/kg, respectively. The medical records were checked for diagnoses of IBD during the follow-up period.
resultsFecal calprotectin >50 mg/kg was found in two-thirds of the patients at both study visits. In 80% of the patients, fecal calprotectin changed by <200 mg/kg between the two measuring points. Baseline fecal calprotectin was positively correlated with Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score based on C-reactive protein, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fecal calprotectin at 5-year follow-up. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was associated with higher fecal calprotectin, and 3-week cessation of NSAIDs resulted in a drop of a median 116 mg/kg in fecal calprotectin. The use of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockers was associated with lower fecal calprotectin at both visits, but the users of TNF receptor fusion proteins had significantly higher fecal calprotectin than users of anti-TNF antibodies at 5-year follow-up. The 5-year incidence of Crohn's disease (CD) was 1.5% and was predicted by high fecal calprotectin.
conclusionsFecal calprotectin was elevated in a majority of the patients and was associated with disease activity and medication at both visits. CD developed in 1.5% of the patients with AS, and a high fecal calprotectin was the main predictor thereof. The results support a link between inflammation in the gut and the musculoskeletal system in AS. We propose that fecal calprotectin may be a potential biomarker to identify patients with AS at risk of developing IBD.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00858819 . Registered 9 March 2009. Last updated 28 May 2015.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.