ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2017
Disinfection of Ebola Virus in Sterilized Municipal Wastewater.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Virucidal Approaches for Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses.Viruses · 2025Review
- Environmental Persistence and Disinfection of Lassa Virus.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Sodium hypochlorite disinfection of SARS-CoV-2 spiked in water and municipal wastewater.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Hand hygiene: virucidal efficacy of a liquid hand wash product against Ebola virus.Infection prevention in practice · 2021Article
- Early-pandemic wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Southern Nevada: Methodology, occurrence, and incidence/prevalence considerations.Water research X · 2021Article
- Comparison of the Efficacy of Disinfectant Pre-impregnated Wipes for Decontaminating Stainless Steel Carriers Experimentally Inoculated With Ebola Virus and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Efficacy of microbicides for inactivation of Ebola-Makona virus on a non-porous surface: a targeted hygiene intervention for reducing virus spread.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Assessing the Contributions of Inactivation, Removal, and Transfer of Ebola Virus and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus by Disinfectant Pre-soaked Wipes.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- Combating SARS-CoV-2: leveraging microbicidal experiences with other emerging/re-emerging viruses.PeerJ · 2020Article
- Effectiveness of Dettol Antiseptic Liquid for Inactivation of Ebola Virus in Suspension.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A bioassay-based protocol for chemical neutralization of human faecal wastes treated by physico-chemical disinfection processes: A case study on benzalkonium chloride.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2019Article
- Assessment of recommended approaches for containment and safe handling of human excreta in emergency settings.PloS one · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Concerns have been raised regarding handling of Ebola virus contaminated wastewater, as well as the adequacy of proposed disinfection approaches. In the current study, we investigate the inactivation of Ebola virus in sterilized domestic wastewater utilizing sodium hypochlorite addition and pH adjustment. No viral inactivation was observed in the one-hour tests without sodium hypochlorite addition or pH adjustment. No virus was recovered after 20 seconds (i.e. 4.2 log10 unit inactivation to detection limit) following the addition of 5 and 10 mg L-1 sodium hypochlorite, which resulted in immediate free chlorine residuals of 0.52 and 1.11 mg L-1, respectively. The addition of 1 mg L-1 sodium hypochlorite resulted in an immediate free chlorine residual of 0.16 mg L-1, which inactivated 3.5 log10 units of Ebola virus in 20 seconds. Further inactivation was not evident due to the rapid consumption of the chlorine residual. Elevating the pH to 11.2 was found to significantly increase viral decay over ambient conditions. These results indicate the high susceptibility of the enveloped Ebola virus to disinfection in the presence of free chlorine in municipal wastewater; however, we caution that extension to more complex matrices (e.g. bodily fluids) will require additional verification.
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