ArticleScientific reports2017
TDtest: easy detection of bacterial tolerance and persistence in clinical isolates by a modified disk-diffusion assay.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
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75 citing papers in PubMed, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Bacterial strategies for surviving antibiotics during urinary tract infection: could uropathogenic Escherichia coli be persisters?Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Heteroresistance tolerance and persistence in antibiotic treatment failure.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Mislocalization of PBPs inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial-laden PerOssal beads display in vitro inhibition and killing of extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria associated with conflict wounds in Ukraine.Bone & joint research · 2026Article
- A digital droplet microarray for measuring tolerance to antibiotics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cumulative cefepime exposure in cancer patients is associated with an increased risk of ertapenem non-susceptible, meropenem susceptible Enterobacterales bacteremia.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Single-cell analysis reveals critical toxin/antitoxin ratio triggering persister resuscitation.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- Characterizing ceftriaxone tolerance inmSystems · 2026Article
- A Ratiometric pH Sensor for Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Large-scale testing of antimicrobial lethality at single-cell resolution predicts mycobacterial infection outcomes.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and mechanisms of high-level carbapenem antibiotic tolerance in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- A Study of Antibiotic Tolerance to Levofloxacin and Rifampin inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of Host and Bacterial Metabolism on Antibiotic Susceptibility.Biochemistry · 2025Review
- Antibiotic tolerance and persistence in clinical isolates ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Rapid emergence of resistance to broad-spectrum direct antimicrobial activity of avibactam.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Broad-spectrum tolerance to disinfectant-mediated bacterial killing due to mutation of the PheS aminoacyl tRNA synthetase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Persistence phenotype of adherent-invasiveMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2025Article
- Antibiotic tolerance among clinical isolates: mechanisms, detection, prevalence, and significance.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibiotic tolerance - the ability for prolonged survival under bactericidal treatments - is a potentially clinically significant phenomenon that is commonly overlooked in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Recent in vitro experiments show that high tolerance can evolve under intermittent antibiotic treatments in as little as eight exposures to high doses of antibiotics, suggesting that tolerance may evolve also in patients. However, tests for antibiotic susceptibilities, such as the disk-diffusion assay, evaluate only the concentration at which a bacterial strain stops growing, namely resistance level. High tolerance strains will not be detected using these tests. We present a simple modification of the standard disk-diffusion assay that allows the semi-quantitative evaluation of tolerance levels. This novel method, the "TDtest", enabled the detection of tolerant and persistent bacteria by promoting the growth of the surviving bacteria in the inhibition zone, once the antibiotic has diffused away. Using the TDtest, we were able to detect different levels of antibiotic tolerance in clinical isolates of E. coli. The TDtest also identified antibiotics that effectively eliminate tolerant bacteria. The additional information on drug susceptibility provided by the TDtest should enable tailoring better treatment regimens for pathogenic bacteria.
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