Observational studyBMC nephrology2017
Fluid overload is an independent risk factor for acute kidney injury in critically Ill patients: results of a cohort study.
Observational study in BMC nephrology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07189091 (Effect of Reduced Sodium Chloride in Fluid Creep and Maintenance Fluids in Critically Ill Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Reduced Sodium Chloride in Fluid Creep and Maintenance Fluids in Critically Ill Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation between early cumulative fluid balance and 90-day all-cause mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis: a retrospective cohort study.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Renal replacement therapy in patients under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a narrative review.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- High early fluid and sodium intake as risk factors for acute kidney injury in very-low-birthweight infants.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- A negative fluid balance may compromise nutritional delivery in mechanically ventilated critically ill children: a retrospective observational cohort study.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Ultrafiltration in the critically ill patient: a framework for personalized care.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Impact of intraoperative fluid therapy on postoperative complications following robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE).BMC anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Trajectories of cumulative fluid balance and the association with pressure injuries in ICU patients.International journal of nursing sciences · 2025Article
- PEEP-AKI-COVID ICU: Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on acute kidney injury development in patients with COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: an ancillary analysis of the COVID-ICU study.Journal of intensive care · 2025Article
- Impact of Early Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy on Renal Recovery and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: A Prospective Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a predictive model for continuous renal replacement therapy in sepsis patients using the MIMIC-IV database.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Fluid management strategies in critically ill patients with ARDS: a narrative review.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery: A Review of Our Current Understanding.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025Review
- Fluid excess on intensive care unit after mechanical thrombectomy after acute ischemic stroke is associated with unfavorable neurological and functional outcomes: An observational cohort study.European stroke journal · 2025Observational
- Cracking the Code of AKI: Evaluating the Predictive Power of VExUS Scoring in Critically Ill Noncardiac Patients.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2025Article
- Research progress on the pathogenesis of AKI complicated by ECMO.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Review
- Association of continuous renal replacement therapy downtime with fluid balance gap and clinical outcomes: a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing EHR and machine data.Journal of intensive care · 2024Article
- Epidemiological study of hospital acquired acute kidney injury in critically ill and its effect on the survival.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Early Fluid Is Less Fluid: Comparing Early Versus Late ICU Resuscitation in Severely Injured Trauma Patients.Critical care explorations · 2024Observational
- Development of a new miniaturized system for ultrafiltration.Heart failure reviews · 2024Review
- Venous Congestion Assessed by Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS) and Acute Kidney Injury in Children with Right Ventricular Dysfunction.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAcute Kidney injury (AKI) is common and increases mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU). We carried out this study to explore whether fluid overload is an independent risk factor for AKI.
methodsSingle-center prospective, observational study. Consecutively admitted, ICU patients were followed for development of AKI. Intravenous fluid volumes, daily fluid balances were measured, hourly urine volumes, daily creatinine levels were recorded.
resultsThree hundred thirty nine patients were included; AKI developed in 141 (41.6%) patients; RISK in 27 (8%) patients; INJURY in 25 (7%); FAILURE in 89 (26%) by the RIFLE criteria. Fluid balance was significantly higher in patients with AKI; 1755 ± 2189 v/s 924 ± 1846 ml, p < 0.001 on ICU day 1. On multivariate regression analysis, a net fluid balance in first 24 h of ICU admission, OR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01,1.03 p = 0.003), percentage of fluid accumulation adjusted for body weight OR1.009 (95% CI 1.001,1.017, p = 0.02), fluid balance in first 24 h of ICU admission with serum creatinine adjusted for fluid balance, OR 1.024 (95% CI 1.012,1,035, p = 0.005), Age, OR 1.02 95% CI 1.01,1.03, p < 0.001, CHF, OR 3.1 (95% CI 1.16,8.32, p = 0.023), vasopressor requirement on ICU day one, OR 1.9 (95% CI 1.13,3.19, p = 0.014) and Colistin OR 2.3 (95% CI 1.3, 4.02, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of AKI. There was no significant association between fluid type; Chloride-liberal, Chloride-restrictive, and AKI.
conclusionsFluid overload is an independent risk factor for AKI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.