ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2017
Chlorella sorokiniana induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cells and inhibits xenograft tumor growth in vivo.
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microalgae-Mediated Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles from Indonesian Chlorella vulgaris InaCC M205 with Potential Anticancer Properties for Biomedical Application.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Exploring marine-derived compounds as potential anti-cancer agents: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Cancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2026Review
- Exploring Microalgae as a Novel Resource for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- First Look at Chemopreventive Properties ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Advancements of algae-involved cancer treatment.Biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Polar microalgae-based nanoparticles: a next-generation strategy for cancer treatment.3 Biotech · 2025Article
- In Vitro Antioxidant Potential, Antidiabetic Activities, and GC-MS Analysis of Lipid Extracts ofBiotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Article
- Impact of Chlorella sorokiniana feed additive on poultry growth health and oxidative stress in erythrocytes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Marine Compounds, Mitochondria, and Malignancy: A Therapeutic Nexus.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Anti-lung Cancer Marine Compounds: A Review.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2022Review
- How Microalgae is Effective in Oxygen Deficiency Aggravated Diseases? A Comprehensive Review of Literature.International journal of nanomedicine · 2022Review
- Anti-Gastric Cancer Activity of the Cell-free Culture Supernatant of Serofluid Dish andFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer activity of crude extract and different fractions of Chlorella vulgaris axenic culture grown under various concentrations of copper ions.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2021Article
- Cyanobacteria and Microalgae as Sources of Functional Foods to Improve Human General and Oral Health.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Inhibition of HtrA2 alleviates inflammatory response and cell apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide‑induced acute pneumonia in rats.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Omics for Bioprospecting and Drug Discovery from Bacteria and Microalgae.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Assessment of the antioxidant and anticancer potential of different isolated strains of cyanobacteria and microalgae from soil and agriculture drain water.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Treatment with Modified Extracts of the MicroalgaNutrients · 2020Article
- From Seabed to Bedside: A Review on Promising Marine Anticancer Compounds.Biomolecules · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. Marine microalgae are a source of biologically active compounds and are widely consumed as a nutritional supplement in East Asian countries. It has been reported that Chlorella or Chlorella extracts have various beneficial pharmacological compounds that modulate immune responses; however, no studies have investigated the anti-cancer effects of Chlorella sorokiniana (CS) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
methodsIn this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer effects of CS in two human NSCLC cell lines (A549 and CL1-5 human lung adenocarcinoma cells), and its effects on tumor growth in a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model. We also investigated the possible molecular mechanisms governing the pharmacological function of CS.
resultsOur results showed that exposure of the two cell lines to CS resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability. In addition, the percentage of apoptotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that CS might induce apoptosis in human NSCLC cells. Western blot analysis revealed that exposure to CS resulted in increased protein expression of the cleaved/activated forms of caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP, except caspase-8. ZDEVD (caspase-3 inhibitor) and Z-LEHD (caspase-9 inhibitor) were sufficient at preventing apoptosis in both A549 and CL1-5 cells, proving that CS induced cell death via the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. Exposure of A549 and CL1-5 cells to CS for 24 h resulted in decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein and increased expression of Bax protein as well as decreased expression of two IAP family proteins, survivin and XIAP.
conclusionsWe demonstrated that CS induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in NSCLC cells via downregulation of Bcl-2, XIAP and survivin. In addition, we also found that the tumors growth of subcutaneous xenograft in vivo was markedly inhibited after oral intake of CS.
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