ArticleAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2016
Perspective: The Case for an Evidence-Based Reference Interval for Serum Magnesium: The Time Has Come.
Article in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 212 citations in OpenAlex.
- Magnesium and Cognitive Health in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- Serum magnesium and the incidence of coronary artery disease over a median 27 years of follow-up in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and a meta-analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- Serum Magnesium Levels in Preterm Infants Are Higher Than Adult Levels: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2017Pooled it
- Magnesium Bisglycinate Supplementation in Healthy Adults Reporting Poor Sleep: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Trial
- Effect of Magnesium on Deterioration and Symptomatic Hemorrhagic Transformation in Cerebral Ischemia: An Ancillary Analysis of the FAST-MAG Trial.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Trial
- Short-Term Magnesium Therapy Alleviates Moderate Stress in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Circulating Ionized Magnesium as a Measure of Supplement Bioavailability: Results from a Pilot Study for Randomized Clinical Trial.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Restoring cartilage-subchondral bone metabolism with biphasic magnesium microspheres ameliorate early osteoarthritis.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Serum Magnesium Concentrations in the United States-An Updated Population Reference Interval in Children and Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- The impact of magnesium levels in pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Serum and Urinary Magnesium Status in Asian CKD Patients and Healthy Controls: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Magnesium in Neurocritical Care: Clinical Relevance, Status Assessment, and Practical Implications for Outcomes-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Hypomagnesemia: A Clinical and Nutritional Update.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and DPP4 inhibitors and the risk of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes: A target trial emulation.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Enhanced Magnesium Ion Sensing Using Polyurethane Membranes Modified with ĸ-Carrageenan and D2EHPA: A Potentiometric Approach.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Multisystem pathology in chronic variable stress: gut-liver-brain axis disruption and the therapeutic promise of magnesium-L-theanine.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Association between plasma magnesium levels and glycolipid metabolism in a southern Chinese population: a cross-sectional study in Shenzhen.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee indicated that magnesium was a shortfall nutrient that was underconsumed relative to the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for many Americans. Approximately 50% of Americans consume less than the EAR for magnesium, and some age groups consume substantially less. A growing body of literature from animal, epidemiologic, and clinical studies has demonstrated a varied pathologic role for magnesium deficiency that includes electrolyte, neurologic, musculoskeletal, and inflammatory disorders; osteoporosis; hypertension; cardiovascular diseases; metabolic syndrome; and diabetes. Studies have also demonstrated that magnesium deficiency is associated with several chronic diseases and that a reduced risk of these diseases is observed with higher magnesium intake or supplementation. Subclinical magnesium deficiency can exist despite the presentation of a normal status as defined within the current serum magnesium reference interval of 0.75-0.95 mmol/L. This reference interval was derived from data from NHANES I (1974), which was based on the distribution of serum magnesium in a normal population rather than clinical outcomes. What is needed is an evidenced-based serum magnesium reference interval that reflects optimal health and the current food environment and population. We present herein data from an array of scientific studies to support the perspective that subclinical deficiencies in magnesium exist, that they contribute to several chronic diseases, and that adopting a revised serum magnesium reference interval would improve clinical care and public health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.