ArticlePsychophysiology2017
The influence of social stress on time perception and psychophysiological reactivity.
Article in Psychophysiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantitative meta-analysis of heart rate variability finds reduced parasympathetic cardiac tone in women compared to men during laboratory-based social stress.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Physiological Arousal and Its Effects on Time Perception: A Systematic Review.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive sciencePooled it
- The impact of intranasal oxytocin administration and social observation on time perception and task execution in a simple motor task.Psychological research · 2026Trial
- The effects of hydrocortisone and yohimbine on human behavior in approach-avoidance conflicts.Psychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- Cerebellar Time and Relative Time: A Comparator-Based Dynamical Timing Model and its Relevance to Psychopathology and Therapies.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2026Review
- Article
- Altered temporal awareness during Covid-19 pandemic.Psychological research · 2024Article
- Towards a neurodevelopmental cognitive perspective of temporal processing.Communications biology · 2024Review
- Anticipation of sexually arousing visual event leads to overestimation of elapsed time.PloS one · 2024Article
- Psychophysiological stress influences temporal accuracy.Experimental brain research · 2023Article
- Stress effects on the top-down control of visuospatial attention: Evidence from cue-dependent alpha oscillations.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Influence of Motor and Cognitive Tasks on Time Estimation.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Travel scenario workshops for geographical accessibility modeling of health services: A transdisciplinary evaluation study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Perception during use of force and the likelihood of firing upon an unarmed person.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Sympathetic Allostasis During Value-Based Ambivalence.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Travel time and perinatal mortality after emergency caesarean sections: an evaluation of the 2-hour proximity indicator in Sierra Leone.BMJ global health · 2020Article
- Slower perception of time in depressed and suicidal patients.European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Sympathetic involvement in time-constrained sequential foraging.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
- Time distortion under threat: Sympathetic arousal predicts time distortion only in the context of negative, highly arousing stimuli.PloS one · 2019Article
- Gender Differences in the Effect of Facial Attractiveness on Perception of Time.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Time perception is a fundamental component of everyday life. Although time can be measured using standard units, the relationship between an individual's experience of perceived time and a standard unit is highly sensitive to context. Stressful and threatening stimuli have been previously shown to produce time distortion effects, such that individuals perceive the stimuli as lasting for different amounts of time as compared to a standard unit. As a highly social species, humans are acutely sensitive to social stressors; however, time distortion effects have not been studied in the context of social stress. We collected psychophysiological (electrocardiogram and impedance cardiography) and time perception data before, during, and after a modified version of the Trier Social Stress Test for 42 participants. Based on prior theories and evidence from the time perception literature, we hypothesized that experiencing a stressful event would result in time distortion. This hypothesis was supported by the data, with individuals on average reproducing short and long duration negative and positive stimuli as lasting longer after experiencing social stress, t(41) = -3.55, p = .001, and t(41) = -4.12, p < .001 for negative stimuli, and t(41) = -2.43, p = .02, and t(41) = -3.07, p = .004 for positive stimuli. However, changes in time perception were largely unrelated to psychophysiological reactivity to social stress. These findings are in line with some other studies of time distortion, and provide evidence for the interoceptive salience model of time perception. Implications for mechanisms of time distortion are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.