ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2017
From Belly to Brain: Targeting the Ghrelin Receptor in Appetite and Food Intake Regulation.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Appetite measures as correlates of clinical response in mood disorders treated with ketamine: systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Endogenous Ghrelin Levels and Perception of Hunger: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of a 12-Week Diet versus Diet plus Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Program on Acylated and Desacylated Ghrelin, and Ghrelin O-Acyltransferase in Adolescent Girls with Obesity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- A population-based investigation of the association between alcohol intake and serum total ghrelin concentrations among cigarette-smoking, non-alcohol-dependent male individuals.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Exogenous ghrelin administration increases alcohol self-administration and modulates brain functional activity in heavy-drinking alcohol-dependent individuals.Molecular psychiatry · 2018Trial
- Pharmacological manipulation of the ghrelin system and alcohol hangover symptoms in heavy drinking individuals: Is there a link?Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2018Trial
- Review
- Dietary bioactive compounds modulating satiety and appetite: mechanisms of action.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Review
- Fasting ghrelin as mediator between obesity and depressive symptoms: a pre-registered study.Npj mental health research · 2026Article
- Mechano responsiveness of neuroimmune cross-talk in bone and joints: A narrative review with implications for force-based manipulations.Musculoskeletal science & practice · 2026Review
- KARIs, Ghrelin Receptor Agonists With Excellent Brain Permeability, Increase Food Intake and Attenuate the Muscle Loss in Mice.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
- Gut-brain axis in health and brain disease.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Novel potential pharmacological approaches in treating eating disorders comorbid with substance use disorders.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2025Review
- From Childhood Obesity to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Hyperlipidemia Through Oxidative Stress During Childhood.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Signal transduction, dimerization, and therapeutic targeting of Orexin and receptor systems.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Precision Psychobiotics for Gut-Brain Axis Health: Advancing the Discovery Pipelines to Deliver Mechanistic Pathways and Proven Health Efficacy.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- The Aggravating Role of Failing Neuropeptide Networks in the Development of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Potential of DehydratedPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ghrelin is the only known peripherally-derived orexigenic hormone, increasing appetite and subsequent food intake. The ghrelinergic system has therefore received considerable attention as a therapeutic target to reduce appetite in obesity as well as to stimulate food intake in conditions of anorexia, malnutrition and cachexia. As the therapeutic potential of targeting this hormone becomes clearer, it is apparent that its pleiotropic actions span both the central nervous system and peripheral organs. Despite a wealth of research, a therapeutic compound specifically targeting the ghrelin system for appetite modulation remains elusive although some promising effects on metabolic function are emerging. This is due to many factors, ranging from the complexity of the ghrelin receptor (Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor, GHSR-1a) internalisation and heterodimerization, to biased ligand interactions and compensatory neuroendocrine outputs. Not least is the ubiquitous expression of the GHSR-1a, which makes it impossible to modulate centrallymediated appetite regulation without encroaching on the various peripheral functions attributable to ghrelin. It is becoming clear that ghrelin's central signalling is critical for its effects on appetite, body weight regulation and incentive salience of food. Improving the ability of ghrelin ligands to penetrate the blood brain barrier would enhance central delivery to GHSR-1a expressing brain regions, particularly within the mesolimbic reward circuitry.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.