Trial reportRedox biology2017
Oral administration of γ-glutamylcysteine increases intracellular glutathione levels above homeostasis in a randomised human trial pilot study.
Trial report in Redox biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-invasive biomarkers for early oral cancer detection through multiomics approach.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Bypassing the bottleneck: Gamma-glutamylcysteine supplementation for brain glutathione enrichment in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- γ-GC mitigates MASLD by reducing CD36 palmitoylation and plasma membrane translocation mediated by AKT/KLF10/zDHHC7 axis.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Development and validation of HILIC-MS/MS method for the analysis of glutathione metabolism in cell cultures.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- A Targeted Metabolomic Assessment of Oral Glutathione Bioavailability and Safety in Humans: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Arachidonic acid protects against diabetes-induced atrial fibrillation.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Lactobacillus crispatus 7-4 Mitigates Salmonella typhimurium-Induced Enteritis via the γ‑Glutamylcysteine-Mediated Nrf2 Pathway.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Article
- Bioinspired Claw-Engaged Adhesive Microparticles Armed with γGC Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis via Targeted Suppression of Macrophage Ferroptosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Revealing the Transcriptional and Metabolic Characteristics of Sebocytes Based on the Donkey Cell Transcriptome Atlas.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The Role of Oxidative Stress in Hypomagnetic Field Effects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Durian fruit pulp extract enhances intracellular glutathione levels, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation for neuroprotection.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Glycine supplementation can partially restore oxidative stress-associated glutathione deficiency in ageing cats.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Investigation of the regulatory mechanisms of Guiqi Yimu Powder on dairy cow fatty liver cells using a multi-omics approach.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Review
- Redox Regulation in Age-Related Cataracts: Roles for Glutathione, Vitamin C, and the NRF2 Signaling Pathway.Nutrients · 2023Review
- How to Increase Cellular Glutathione.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Critical Roles of the Cysteine-Glutathione Axis in the Production of γ-Glutamyl Peptides in the Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Redox Imbalance in Neurological Disorders in Adults and Children.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- γ-Glutamylcysteine rescues mice from TNBS-driven inflammatory bowel disease through regulating macrophages polarization.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine if orally dosed γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-GC) can increase cellular glutathione (GSH) levels above homeostasis. Many chronic and age-related disorders are associated with down-regulation, or impairment, of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL). This suggests that γ-GC supply may become limiting for the maintenance of cellular GSH at the normal levels required to effectively protect against oxidative stress and any resulting physiological damage.
methodsGSH levels were measured in lymphocytes of healthy, non-fasting participants before and after single oral doses (2 and 4g) of γ-GC. Blood samples were immediately processed using high speed fluorescence-activated cell sorting to isolate 10
resultsA single 2g dose of γ-GC increased lymphocyte GSH content above basal levels (53±47%, p<0.01, n=14) within 90min of administration. A randomized dosage (2 and 4g γ-GC) crossover design was used to explore the pharmacokinetics of this GSH increase. In general, for both dose levels (n=9), GSH increased from initial basal levels over 3h (t
conclusionsOral γ-GC is a non-toxic form of cysteine that can be directly taken up by cells and transiently increase lymphocyte GSH above homeostatic levels. Our findings that γ-GC can increase GSH levels in healthy subjects suggests that it may have potential as an adjunct for treating diseases associated with chronic GSH depletion. This trial was registered at anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12612000952842.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.