ReviewCNS drugs2017
New Formulations of Methylphenidate for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Tolerability.
Review in CNS drugs, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Methylphenidate: Formulation Differences, Bioequivalence, Interchangeability.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2024Pooled it
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Way Crossover Clinical Trial of ORADUR-Methylphenidate for Treating Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- A Pharmacokinetic Study of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Multilayer Extended-Release Capsules (Aptensio XRPaediatric drugs · 2020Trial
- Effects of methylphenidate on the human vascular endothelium.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Spatial inequalities and contextual correlates of methylphenidate dispensing in Jiangsu Province, China.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Increased Recall of Negative Memories Following Initial Methylphenidate Administration in a 6-Year-Old Boy With ADHD: A Case Report.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Article
- Effects of methylphenidate on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a study using clinical and multimodal approaches including go/no-go task and functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Investigating Variations in Medicine Approvals for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-Country Document Analysis Comparing Drug Labeling.Journal of attention disorders · 2024Article
- Neural circuit selective for fast but not slow dopamine increases in drug reward.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Effects of a single-dose methylphenidate challenge on resting-state functional connectivity in stimulant-treatment naive children and adults with ADHD.Human brain mapping · 2022Article
- Prediction of Carboxylesterase 1-mediated In Vivo Drug Interaction between Methylphenidate and Cannabinoids using Static and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2022Article
- Methylphenidate for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: a narrative review.Psychopharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Psychostimulants are the recommended first-line pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate is one of the most commonly used psychostimulants worldwide. Given that immediate-release and/or tablet/capsule formulations may decrease adherence to methylphenidate treatment, several drug companies have been developing novel long-acting and/or liquid/chewable formulations that may improve adherence as well as (for long-acting formulations) reduce abuse potential, decrease stigma associated with multiple administrations per day, and decrease the potential for adverse effects related to dosage peak. Here, we review the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and tolerability of novel formulations of methylphenidate that are in development or have been approved by the US FDA or European Medicines Agency (EMA) in the last 5 years. We searched the websites of the FDA, EMA, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the pertinent drug companies. We also searched PubMed, Ovid databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase + Embase classic), and ISI Web of Knowledge (Web of Science [Science Citation Index Expanded], Biological Abstracts, Biosis, Food Science and Technology Abstracts) to retrieve any additional pertinent information. We found data from trials for the following compounds: (1) methylphenidate extended-release oral suspension (MEROS; NWP06, Quillivant™); (2) methylphenidate extended-release chewable capsules (NWP09, QuilliChew ER™); (3) methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules (Aptensio XR™); (4) methylphenidate extended-release orally disintegrating tablets (XR-ODT; NT-0102, Cotempla™); (5) ORADUR technology (once-daily tamper-resistant formulation) methylphenidate sustained release (SR); and (6) methylphenidate modified-release (HLD-200; Bejorna™). Overall, available evidence based on trials suggests these compounds have good efficacy and tolerability. Future research should further explore the effectiveness and tolerability of these new formulations as well as their potential to improve adherence to treatment in the 'real world' via pragmatic trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28130762What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.