ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2017
Enteric neurons of the esophagus: an immunohistochemical study using donated elderly cadavers.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeTo describe and discuss the normal anatomy and function of enteric neurons in the esophagus of aged individuals.
methodWe examined ganglion cells in esophagus specimens obtained from 15 elderly cadavers without any macroscopic pathology in the mediastinum and abdomen. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were used as parasympathetic nerve markers, and tyrosine hydroxylase as a sympathetic nerve marker.
resultsThe thoracic and abdominal esophagus contained a well-developed myenteric nerve plexus (S100 protein-positive area) in the intermuscular layer: 0.02-0.03 mm
conclusionIn comparison with previous data from elderly cadavers, the esophagus carried much fewer ganglion cells than the intestine and colon; sympathetic cells were particular less numerous. Esophageal smooth muscle exhibits a unique mode of peristalsis characterized by a rebound contraction with a long latency after stimulation. This type of peristalsis appears to be regulated by inhibitory, nNOS-positive nerves with a sparse distribution, which seems to account for the long-span peristalsis unique to the esophagus. The extreme sparsity of ganglion cells in the cervical esophagus suggests that enteric neuron-integrated peristalsis, like that in the intestine and colon, is unlikely. Surgical treatment of the esophagus is likely to change or impair these unique features.
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