ArticleBMC health services research2017
Identifying social and economic barriers to regular care and treatment for Black men who have sex with men and women (BMSMW) and who are living with HIV: a qualitative study from the Bruthas cohort.
Article in BMC health services research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic Review of Neighborhood Factors Impacting HIV Care Continuum Participation in the United States.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review up to 2018 of HIV and Associated Factors Among Criminal Justice-Involved (CJI) Black Sexual and Gender Minority Populations in the United States (US).Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analyses on initiation, adherence and outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in incarcerated people.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Structural Inequities, Syndemics, and Resilience: The Critical Role of Social Support in Overcoming Barriers and Empowering Engagement in HIV Care for Young Black Sexual-Minority Men in the US South.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Perceptions, Challenges and Barriers to HIV Care in Mbujimayi in the East Kasai Province, DR Congo: A Qualitative Study.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Using Causal Bayesian Networks to Assess the Role of Patient-Centered Care and Psychosocial Factors on Durable HIV Viral Suppression.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Systematic Review: HIV, Aging, and Housing-A North American Perspective, 2012-2023.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Fast-track interventions for HIV and AIDS epidemic control among key populations: A rapid review.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2024Review
- Virtual avatars as a new tool for human immunodeficiency virus prevention among men who have sex with men: a narrative review.mHealth · 2023Review
- Peer Case Management Promoting Advancement Along the HIV Care Continuum Among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV: Building Brothers Up.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2022Article
- Socio-cultural and economic barriers, and facilitators influencing men's involvement in antenatal care including HIV testing: a qualitative study from urban Blantyre, Malawi.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Addressing Stigma Through a Virtual Community for People Living with HIV: A Mixed Methods Study of the PositiveLinks Mobile Health Intervention.AIDS and behavior · 2018Article
- A Mixed Methods Approach to Understanding Antiretroviral Treatment Preferences: What Do Patients Really Want?AIDS patient care and STDs · 2018Article
- Sex Trade and Health Care Utilization Among People Living with HIV/AIDS.AIDS and behavior · 2018Article
- HIV Care Continuum Disparities Among Black Bisexual Men and the Mediating Effect of Psychosocial Comorbidities.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Black Sexual Minority Men's Disclosure of Sexual Orientation Is Associated With Exposure to Homonegative Religious Messages.American journal of men's healthArticle
- Differential Role of Psychosocial, Health Care System and Neighborhood Factors on the Retention in HIV Care of Women and Men in the Ryan White Program.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
- Assessing pharmacy workflow to enhance the integration of HIV prevention services.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is little research regarding the ability of Black men who have sex with men and women (BMSMW) to access and maintain HIV-related health care and treatment adherence. This population, who often insist on secrecy about their same-sex desire, may experience unique barriers to seeking regular care and treatment.
methodsFrom March 2011-April 2014, we recruited 396 BMSMW in the San Francisco Bay Area to be enrolled in our randomized controlled trial. At baseline we administered a behavioral survey assessing: demographics, homelessness, employment, history of incarceration, HIV status and disclosure practices, care and treatment adherence. 64 men reported living with HIV at intake. To learn more about their experiences, we recruited N = 25 to participate in qualitative interviews, which were conducted April-December 2014. Topics included: current living situation, diagnosis story, disclosure practices, experiences of accessing and maintaining care and treatment, and HIV-related stigma. Recordings were transcribed and coded for major themes.
resultsDespite being located in an area where treatment is plentiful, men faced social and economic barriers to maintaining regular care and treatment adherence. Several findings emerged to shed light on this quandary: (1) Competing needs particularly around attaining stable housing, food security, and money created barriers to treatment and care; (2) Side effects of HIV medications discouraged men from adhering to treatment; (3) Provider and Institutional level characteristics influenced care engagement; (4) Disclosure and social support made a difference in care and treatment behaviors; and (5) Participants expressed a desire for group-based intervention activities to support treatment and care among HIV+ BMSMW. Inadequate engagement in the continuum of care for HIV was born out in the quantitative data where 28% of participants did not know their Viral Load.
conclusionsA holistic approach to HIV health for BMSMW would appear to translate to better outcomes for men living with HIV, where a goal of viral suppression must also include attending to their basic social and economic support needs.
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