ArticleJournal of optometry
Changes in stimulus and response AC/A ratio with vision therapy in Convergence Insufficiency.
Article in Journal of optometry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for convergence insufficiency: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of vision therapy on near exodeviation in children with convergence insufficiency treated during the convergence insufficiency treatment trials.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2024Trial
- Clinical Characteristics of Intermittent Exotropia in Children with Myopia and Myopic Anisometropia.Current medical science · 2025Article
- Impact of Wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacle Lenses for 12 Months on Accommodation and Binocular Functions in Myopic Children.Clinical optometry · 2025Article
- The Interaction between Vergence and Accommodation Cues in the Assessment of Fusional Vergence Range.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Comparing myopic error in patients with basic and convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia in China.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Vergence and Accommodation Cues in Stereo-Localization during the Small-In Large-Out (SILO) Effect.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Agreement and inter-session repeatability of manual and automatic interpupillary distance measurements.Journal of optometryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the changes in the stimulus and response Accommodative Convergence to Accommodation (AC/A) ratio following vision therapy (VT) in Convergence Insufficiency (CI).
methodsStimulus and response AC/A ratio were measured on twenty five CI participants, pre and post 10 sessions of VT. Stimulus AC/A ratio was measured using the gradient method and response AC/A ratio was calculated using modified Thorington technique with accommodative responses measured using WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor. The gradient stimulus and response AC/A cross-link ratios were compared with thirty age matched controls.
resultsMean age of the CI and control participants were 23.3±5.2 years and 22.7±4.2 years, respectively. The mean stimulus and response AC/A ratio for CI pre therapy was 2.2±0.72 and 6.3±2.0 PD/D that changed to 4.2±0.9 and 8.28±3.31 PD/D respectively post vision therapy and these changes were statistically significant (paired t-test; p<0.001). The mean stimulus and response AC/A ratio for controls was 3.1±0.81 and 8.95±2.5 PD/D respectively.
conclusionsStimulus and response AC/A ratio increased following VT, accompanied by clinically significant changes in vergence and accommodation parameters in subjects with convergence insufficiency. This represents the plasticity of the AC/A crosslink ratios that could be achieved with vision therapy in CI.
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Registered trials
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