Trial reportBMC pediatrics2017
Effect of combined music and touch intervention on pain response and β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in late preterm infants.
Trial report in BMC pediatrics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05481294 (The Effectivity of Transpersonal Supportive Coaching Intervention on Serotonin Level and Quality of Life in People Living With HIV/AIDS), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effectivity of Transpersonal Supportive Coaching Intervention on Serotonin Level and Quality of Life in People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of cortisol as a neonatal pain biomarker in the application of non-pharmacological analgesia therapies: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of breast milk odor on infant pain and stress levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Musicotherapy mobile applications: what level of evidence and potential role in psychiatric care? A systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Non-pharmacological management of infant and young child procedural pain.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of non-pharmacological interventions for endotracheal suctioning pain in preterm infants: A systematic review.Nursing open · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Effect of Mother's Gentle Human Touch on Preterm Neonate's Pain and Maternal Anxiety During Venipuncture in Turkiye.Research in nursing & health · 2025Trial
- The Effect of Auricular Massage on Naso-Oral Suctioning Procedural Pain in Premature Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Auditory stimulation to reduce procedure pain in neonates: A scoping review.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Interventions to decrease pain and anxiety in patients undergoing urodynamic study: Is there any clear evidence? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Arab journal of urology · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive Evidence-Based Review of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for Neonatal Pain.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Challenges and limitations of evaluating the efficacy of music intervention for preterm infants: auditory development, methodological heterogeneity, medical complexity, parental involvement and environmental barriers.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Origins and Previous Experiences from a Gender Perspective on the Perception of Pain in Nursing Students: Study Protocol.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Potential common targets of music therapy intervention in neuropsychiatric disorders: the prefrontal cortex-hippocampus -amygdala circuit (a review).Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Review
- Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on pain in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Giving Voice to Women with Substance Use Disorder: Findings from Expressive Writing About Trauma.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- The impact of music, play, and pet therapies in managing pain and anxiety in paediatric patients in hospital: a rapid systematic review.Paediatrics & child health · 2023Review
- Gentle Touch and Sucrose for Pain Relief during Suctioning in Preterm Newborns-A Randomized Clinical Trial.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPreterm neonates undergo many painful procedures as part of their standard care in the neonatal intensive care unit. However, pain treatment is inadequate in many of these routine procedures. In the present study, we investigated the impact and mechanism of combined music and touch intervention (CMT) on the pain response in premature infants.
methodsSixty-two preterm neonates (gestational age of <37 weeks) were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Infants in the experimental group underwent painful procedures with CMT, and those in the control group underwent painful procedures without CMT. Blood samples were collected from all infants at the beginning of hospitalization and 2 weeks later to assess the cortisol and β-endorphin concentrations. Differences in the levels of cortisol and β-endorphin between two groups were examined using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
resultsIn total, 3707 painful procedures were performed on 62 neonates during their hospitalization. The average number of painful procedures in the control group (n = 35.5) was higher than that in the experimental group (n = 29.0) during hospitalization, although no significant difference was reached (P > 0.05). After 2 weeks, the Premature Infant Pain Profile scores were significantly higher in the control group than experimental group (13.000 ± 0.461 vs 10.500 ± 0.850, respectively; P < 0.05). The cortisol concentration was not significantly different between the control and experimental groups either at the beginning of hospitalization (131.000 ± 18.190 vs 237.200 ± 43.860, respectively; P > 0.05) or 2 weeks later (162.400 ± 23.580 vs 184.600 ± 21.170, respectively; P > 0.05). However, the serum β-endorphin concentration was higher in the experimental group than in the control group both at the beginning of hospitalization (1.640 ± 0.390 vs 1.179 ± 0.090, respectively; P < 0.05) and 2 weeks later (2.290 ± 0.740 vs 1.390 ± 0.410, respectively; P < 0.05).
conclusionsCMT might decrease the pain response of preterm neonates by significantly improving the β-endorphin concentration, but not the blood cortisol concentration.
trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN14131492 . Registered on 01 Aug 2016.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.