ArticleFrontiers in psychology2016
The Impact of Visualizing Nested Sets. An Empirical Study on Tree Diagrams and Unit Squares.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Presentation format influences the strength of causal illusions.Memory & cognition · 2025Article
- How general is the natural frequency effect? The case of joint probabilities.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- The Use of Visualizations to Improve Bayesian Reasoning: A Literature Review.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Boosting for insight and/or boosting for agency? How to maximize accurate test interpretation with natural frequencies.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- Measuring people's covariational reasoning in Bayesian situations.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Article
- Natural frequency trees improve diagnostic efficiency in Bayesian reasoning.Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice · 2021Article
- Tversky and Kahneman's Cognitive Illusions: Who Can Solve Them, and Why?Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Perspectives on the 2 × 2 Matrix: Solving Semantically Distinct Problems Based on a Shared Structure of Binary Contingencies.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Review
- Different Visualizations Cause Different Strategies When Dealing With Bayesian Situations.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Processing Probability Information in Nonnumerical Settings - Teachers' Bayesian and Non-bayesian Strategies During Diagnostic Judgment.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- A New Visualization for Probabilistic Situations Containing Two Binary Events: The Frequency Net.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Evidencing How Experience and Problem Format Affect Probabilistic Reasoning Through Interaction Analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- An Eye-Tracking Study of Statistical Reasoning With Tree Diagrams and 2 × 2 Tables.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- How to Improve Performance in Bayesian Inference Tasks: A Comparison of Five Visualizations.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- Why Can Only 24% Solve Bayesian Reasoning Problems in Natural Frequencies: Frequency Phobia in Spite of Probability Blindness.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- Visualizing the Bayesian 2-test case: The effect of tree diagrams on medical decision making.PloS one · 2018Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
It is an ongoing debate, what properties of visualizations increase people's performance when solving Bayesian reasoning tasks. In the discussion of the properties of two visualizations, i.e., the tree diagram and the unit square, we emphasize how both visualizations make relevant subset relations transparent. Actually, the unit square with natural frequencies reveals the subset relation that is essential for the Bayes' rule in a numerical and geometrical way whereas the tree diagram with natural frequencies does it only in a numerical way. Accordingly, in a first experiment with 148 university students, the unit square outperformed the tree diagram when referring to the students' ability to quantify the subset relation that must be applied in Bayes' rule. As hypothesized, in a second experiment with 143 students, the unit square was significantly more effective when the students' performance in tasks based on Bayes' rule was regarded. Our results could inform the debate referring to Bayesian reasoning since we found that the graphical transparency of nested sets could explain these visualizations' effect.
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