ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2017
Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone inhibit proliferation induced by inflammation in prostatic epithelial cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Synthetic Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Antagonist MIA-690 as a Cognitive Modulator in a Mouse Model of Gulf War Illness.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- GHRH and the prostate.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Effects of GHRH and its analogues on the Vascular System.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- GHRH and reproductive systems: Mechanisms, functions, and clinical implications.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone and cancer.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone - releasing hormone in the immune system.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- The development of growth hormone-releasing hormone analogs: Therapeutic advances in cancer, regenerative medicine, and metabolic disorders.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Identification of Small-Molecule Antagonists Targeting the Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor (GHRHR).Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2024Article
- Identification and functional activity of Nik related kinase (NRK) in benign hyperplastic prostate.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- METTL3 promotes prostatic hyperplasia by regulating PTEN expression in an mCell death & disease · 2022Article
- Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and epithelial cellular inflammation by blocking the E2F7/HIF1α pathway.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Article
- Applications of Vertebrate Models in Studying Prostatitis and Inflammation-Associated Prostatic Diseases.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Osteopontin Deficiency Ameliorates Prostatic Fibrosis and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Agonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone enhances retinal ganglion cell protection induced by macrophages after optic nerve injury.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Animal models of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2021Review
- A glimpse at growth hormone-releasing hormone cosmos.Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology · 2020Article
- Prostatic osteopontin expression is associated with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia.The Prostate · 2020Article
- Signaling mechanisms of growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor in LPS-induced acute ocular inflammation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
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5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is multifactorial, and chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that has been shown to act as paracrine/autocrine factor in various malignancies including prostate cancer. GHRH and its receptors are expressed in experimental models of BPH, in which antagonists of GHRH suppressed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and altered the expression of genes related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We investigated the effects of GHRH antagonist on prostatic enlargement induced by inflammation. Autoimmune prostatitis in Balb/C mice was induced by a homogenate of reproductive tissues of male rats. During the 8-wk induction of chronic prostatitis, we detected a progressive increase in prostatic volume reaching 92% at week 8 compared with control (P < 0.001). Daily treatment for 1 mo with GHRH antagonist MIA-690 caused a 30% reduction in prostate volume (P < 0.05). Conditioned medium derived from macrophages increased the average volume of spheres by 82.7% (P < 0.001) and elevated the expression of mRNA for N-cadherin, Snail, and GHRH GHRH antagonist reduced the average volume of spheres stimulated by inflammation by 75.5% (P < 0.05), and TGF-β2 by 91.8% (P < 0.01). The proliferation of primary epithelial cells stimulated by IL-17A or TGF-β2 was also inhibited by 124.1% and 69.9%, respectively. GHRH stimulated the growth of BPH-1 and primary prostate spheres. This study provides evidence that GHRH plays important roles in prostatic inflammation and EMT and suggests the merit of further investigation to elucidate the effects of GHRH antagonists in prostatitis and BPH.
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