ArticleEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2018
A comparative study of psychotic and affective symptoms in Rwandan and Kenyan students.
Article in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kenya Psychosis-Risk Outcomes Study (KePROS): Development of an Accelerated Medicine Partnership Schizophrenia-Aligned Project in Africa.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2024Article
- Article
- Perspective on clinical high-risk for psychosis in Africa.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Longitudinal and cross-sectional validation of the WERCAP screen for assessing psychosis risk and conversion.Schizophrenia research · 2022Article
- The prevalance of binge eating disorder and associated psychiatric and substance use disorders in a student population in Kenya - towards a public health approach.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Neurocognition in Kenyan youth at clinical high risk for psychosis.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsWar and conflict are known to adversely affect mental health, although their effects on risk symptoms for psychosis development in youth in various parts of the world are unclear. The Rwandan genocide of 1994 and Civil War had widespread effects on the population. Despite this, there has been no significant research on psychosis risk in Rwanda. Our goal in the present study was to investigate the potential effects of genocide and war in two ways: by comparing Rwandan youth born before and after the genocide; and by comparing Rwandan and Kenyan adolescents of similar age.
methodsA total of 2255 Rwandan students and 2800 Kenyan students were administered the Washington Early Recognition Center Affectivity and Psychosis (WERCAP) Screen. Prevalence, frequency and functional impairment related to affective and psychosis-risk symptoms were compared across groups using univariate and multivariate statistics.
resultsRwandan students born before the end of the genocide and war in 1994 experienced higher psychotic and affective symptom load (p's < 0.001) with more functional impairment compared with younger Rwandans. 5.35% of older Rwandan students met threshold for clinical high-risk of psychosis by the WERCAP Screen compared with 3.19% of younger Rwandans (χ 2 = 5.36; p = 0.02). Symptom severity comparisons showed significant (p < 0.001) group effects between Rwandan and Kenyan secondary school students on affective and psychotic symptom domains with Rwandans having higher symptom burden compared with Kenyans. Rwandan female students also had higher rates of psychotic symptoms compared with their male counterparts - a unique finding not observed in the Kenyan sample.
conclusionsThese results suggest extreme conflict and disruption to country from genocide and war can influence the presence and severity of psychopathology in youth decades after initial traumatic events.
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