ReviewNature reviews. Disease primers2016
Sepsis and septic shock.
Review in Nature reviews. Disease primers, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 938 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Persistent Multiorgan Failure in Intensive Care Units: Risk Factors, Prognosis, Outcomes
Immunomodulatory Effect of Curcumin in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis at the Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde": A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Who cites it
938 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,515 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD4Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of levosimendan and dobutamine in sepsis-related cardiac impairment: a meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Association of preadmission metformin use and prognosis in patients with sepsis with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026 · on this mapPooled it
- Persistent immune, coagulation and cardiac dysregulation are correlated with later post-discharge mortality in children with severe malnutrition.BMC medicine · 2026Trial
- Anisodamine hydrobromide reduces 28-day mortality in septic shock: a randomized controlled.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- The cellular response capacity (CRC) as a novel immunomonitoring approach in sepsis.Military Medical Research · 2026Article
- Decades of intensive care medicine trials: what randomised evidence has changed, corrected, and still questions to resolve.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- The carotid body in sepsis: From homeostatic defense to immunometabolic dysregulation.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Early Physiologic Derangements for Detection of Major Complications After Bariatric Surgery: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- An mPFC-DMV cortical-autonomic-immune axis governs stress-induced immune dysregulation in sepsis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- IL-27 neutralization with and without antibiotics as an approach to prevent and treat neonatal sepsis.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Respirator-integrated continuous gas sampling for broadband optical spectroscopy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Postmortem Blood Procalcitonin (PCT) for identifying sepsis as a cause of death: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Review
- A Sulfonamide Intermediate Elicits Therapeutic Effect Against Sepsis by Enhancing Neutrophil Maturation.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Hydrocortisone Use for Septic Shock in Patients With CKD.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of Regional Hepatic Immunosuppression With Budesonide on Bacterial Elimination in Porcine Abdominal Sepsis.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Hallmarks of the multidimensional immune response to trauma in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- The Role of Proenkephalin in Predicting Renal Dysfunction and Mortality in Septic Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit: A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Timing of hemoadsorption in sepsis: redefining early through mediator-guided therapy.Journal of intensive care · 2026Review
878 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
For more than two decades, sepsis was defined as a microbial infection that produces fever (or hypothermia), tachycardia, tachypnoea and blood leukocyte changes. Sepsis is now increasingly being considered a dysregulated systemic inflammatory and immune response to microbial invasion that produces organ injury for which mortality rates are declining to 15-25%. Septic shock remains defined as sepsis with hyperlactataemia and concurrent hypotension requiring vasopressor therapy, with in-hospital mortality rates approaching 30-50%. With earlier recognition and more compliance to best practices, sepsis has become less of an immediate life-threatening disorder and more of a long-term chronic critical illness, often associated with prolonged inflammation, immune suppression, organ injury and lean tissue wasting. Furthermore, patients who survive sepsis have continuing risk of mortality after discharge, as well as long-term cognitive and functional deficits. Earlier recognition and improved implementation of best practices have reduced in-hospital mortality, but results from the use of immunomodulatory agents to date have been disappointing. Similarly, no biomarker can definitely diagnose sepsis or predict its clinical outcome. Because of its complexity, improvements in sepsis outcomes are likely to continue to be slow and incremental.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.