Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28116351›Full record

ReviewScience advances2017

Impending extinction crisis of the world's primates: Why primates matter.

Alejandro Estrada, Paul A Garber, Anthony B Rylands, Christian Roos, Eduardo Fernandez-Duque, Anthony Di Fiore, K Anne-Isola Nekaris, Vincent Nijman, Eckhard W Heymann, Joanna E Lambert and 21 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Science advances, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 333 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
333citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
161.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

333 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,431 citations in OpenAlex.

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273 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors at 20 institutions in 11 countries.

Alejandro EstradaInstitute of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-6107-9109
Paul A GarberDepartment of Anthropology, Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6107-9109
Anthony B RylandsConservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.
Christian RoosGene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0190-4266
Eduardo Fernandez-DuqueDepartment of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3993-7912
Anthony Di FioreDepartment of Anthropology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78705, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8893-9052
K Anne-Isola NekarisDepartment of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, U.K.ORCID 0000-0001-5523-7353
Vincent NijmanDepartment of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, U.K.ORCID 0000-0002-5600-4276
Eckhard W HeymannAbteilung Verhaltensökologie und Soziobiologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Kellnerweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4259-8018
Joanna E LambertDepartment of Anthropology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1350 Pleasant Street UCB 233, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2849-3930
Francesco RoveroTropical Biodiversity Section, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122 Trento, Italy.
Claudia BarelliTropical Biodiversity Section, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122 Trento, Italy.
Joanna M SetchellDepartment of Anthropology, and Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution Research Centre, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
Thomas R GillespieDepartments of Environmental Sciences and Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, Math and Science Center, Suite E510, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Russell A MittermeierConservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.
Luis Verde ArregoitiaNaturhistorisches Museum Bern, Bernastrasse 15, CH-3005 Bern, Switzerland.
Miguel de GuineaDepartment of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, U.K.
Sidney GouveiaDepartment of Ecology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-4941-7440
Ricardo DobrovolskiDepartment of Zoology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40170-290, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-8775-5486
Sam ShaneeNeotropical Primate Conservation, 23 Portland Road, Manchester M32 0PH, U.K.; Asociación Neotropical Primate Conservation Perú, 1187 Avenida Belaunde, La Esperanza, Yambrasbamba, Bongará, Amazonas, Peru.
Noga ShaneeNeotropical Primate Conservation, 23 Portland Road, Manchester M32 0PH, U.K.; Asociación Neotropical Primate Conservation Perú, 1187 Avenida Belaunde, La Esperanza, Yambrasbamba, Bongará, Amazonas, Peru.
Sarah A BoyleDepartment of Biology, Rhodes College, 2000 North Parkway, Memphis, TN 38112, USA.
Agustin FuentesDepartment of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
Katherine C MacKinnonDepartment of Sociology and Anthropology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2586-9418
Katherine R AmatoDepartment of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Avenue, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2722-9414
Andreas L S MeyerPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, C.P. 19020, Curitiba, PR 81531-990, Brazil.
Serge WichSchool of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K.; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Robert W SussmanDepartment of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Ruliang PanSchool of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia (M309), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Inza KoneCentre Suisse des Recherches Scientifiques, Université de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Baoguo LiXi'an Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2506-7597
Oxford Brookes University · GBConservation International · USGerman Primate Center · DEMuseo delle Scienze · ITPrimate Conservation · USDurham University · GBEmory University · USLiverpool John Moores University · GBNatural History Museum of Bern · CHNorthwestern University · USNorthwest University · CNRhodes College · USSaint Louis University · USSwiss Centre for Scientific Research · CIThe University of Texas at Austin · USThe University of Western Australia · AUUniversidade Federal da Bahia · BRUniversidade Federal de Sergipe · BRUniversidade Federal do Paraná · BRUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México · MX

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nonhuman primates, our closest biological relatives, play important roles in the livelihoods, cultures, and religions of many societies and offer unique insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and the threat of emerging diseases. They are an essential component of tropical biodiversity, contributing to forest regeneration and ecosystem health. Current information shows the existence of 504 species in 79 genera distributed in the Neotropics, mainland Africa, Madagascar, and Asia. Alarmingly, ~60% of primate species are now threatened with extinction and ~75% have declining populations. This situation is the result of escalating anthropogenic pressures on primates and their habitats-mainly global and local market demands, leading to extensive habitat loss through the expansion of industrial agriculture, large-scale cattle ranching, logging, oil and gas drilling, mining, dam building, and the construction of new road networks in primate range regions. Other important drivers are increased bushmeat hunting and the illegal trade of primates as pets and primate body parts, along with emerging threats, such as climate change and anthroponotic diseases. Often, these pressures act in synergy, exacerbating primate population declines. Given that primate range regions overlap extensively with a large, and rapidly growing, human population characterized by high levels of poverty, global attention is needed immediately to reverse the looming risk of primate extinctions and to attend to local human needs in sustainable ways. Raising global scientific and public awareness of the plight of the world's primates and the costs of their loss to ecosystem health and human society is imperative.

Indexed as

CercopithecidaeEcosystemExtinction, BiologicalAnimalsdeforestationecosystem healthhuntingillegal tradeindustrial agriculturenonhuman primatesprimate conservationrural livelihoodssustainable land usetropical forests

Identifiers

PMID28116351
PMCPMC5242557
OpenAlexW2581828022

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.