ArticleNutrition & metabolism2017
Efficacy of a novel formulation of L-Carnitine, creatine, and leucine on lean body mass and functional muscle strength in healthy older adults: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study.
Article in Nutrition & metabolism, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of food-based fortification on nutritional outcomes and acceptability in older adults: systematic literature review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Creatine in Health and Disease.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- Beneficial Effects of Leucine Supplementation on Criteria for Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Effects of Multi-Ingredient Preworkout Supplementation across a Five-Day Resistance and Endurance Training Microcycle in Middle-Aged Adults.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Effect ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation for improving lean body mass and physical function in patients on hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- l-Carnitine Supplementation in Older Women. A Pilot Study on Aging Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Can Dietary Supplements Support Muscle Function and Physical Activity? A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation Among Recreational Gym Goers and Associated Factors-An Exploratory Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- The Impact of Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation on Muscular Strength and Endurance in Recreational Gym-Goers During 8-Week Resistance Training.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of Protein Supplementation on Orthostatic Hypotension in Older Adult Patients with Heart Failure.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on anthropometric and malnutrition status in acute ischemic stroke patients: a triple-blinded randomized clinical trial.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Targeting muscle-vasculature crosstalk in aging through the integrative roles of L-citrulline, leucine, and exercise: focus on muscle metabolism, vascular function, and sarcopenia prevention.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Could Insulin Be a Better Regulator of Appetite/Satiety Balance and Body Weight Maintenance in Response to Glucose Exposure Compared to Sucrose Substitutes? Unraveling Current Knowledge and Searching for More Appropriate Choices.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- The impact of sarcopenia on the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer and potential strategies to overcome resistance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Consequences of Targeting the IGF-1/PI3K/AKT/FOXO3 Axis in Sarcopenia: A Narrative Review.Cells · 2023Review
- Elucidating the Pharmacological Properties ofNutrients · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProgressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function are growing concerns in an aging population. Diet and physical activity are important for muscle maintenance but these requirements are not always met. This highlights the potential for nutritional supplementation. As a primary objective, we sought to assess the effect of a novel combination of L-Carnitine, creatine and leucine on muscle mass and performance in older subjects.
methodForty-two healthy older adults aged 55-70 years were randomized to receive either a novel L-Carnitine (1500 mg), L-leucine (2000 mg), creatine (3000 mg), Vitamin D3 (10 μg) (L-Carnitine-combination) product (
resultsThe primary composite outcome improved by 63.5 percentage points in the L-Carnitine-combination group vs. placebo (
conclusionsThe trial did reach its primary objective. L-Carnitine combined with creatine and L-leucine significantly improved the composite score which reflects muscle mass and strength, at the end of the study compared to placebo. The combination showed an increase in mTOR protein level, a driver for increased muscle mass which translated to an improvement in muscle strength. This new combination may provide a potential nutritional intervention to promote muscle growth and improved physical functioning in older adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.