ArticlePediatrics2017
How Does Incarcerating Young People Affect Their Adult Health Outcomes?
Article in Pediatrics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Mental disorders among adults formerly in out-of-home care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Physical Health, Medical Care Access, and Medical Insurance Coverage of Youth Returning Home After Incarceration: A Systematic Review.Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care · 2020Pooled it
- Criminal offense charges in women: A 10-year follow-up of an RCT of treatment foster care Oregon.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2022Trial
- Seasonal Mental Health Symptoms Amongst Former Criminal Legal System-Involved Adolescents.Journal of adolescence · 2026Article
- Young adults' conceptions of health and well-being during reentry.Health & justice · 2026Article
- Incarceration and Subsequent Psychosocial Outcomes: A 16-Year Longitudinal Study of Youth After Detention.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Trauma Exposure as a "Driver" of Change in Mental Health Problems Among Youth with Multiple Admissions to Juvenile Detention.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence, associated factors, and nomogram model of suicidality among incarcerated individuals: a developmental adaptation perspective for targeted prevention strategies.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Youth Detention and Incarceration Facilities in the United States (2010 to February 2023): Mapping Closure Intents and Implementation.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Prevalent Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Young Adults Returning Home From Jail: The Need for Trauma-Informed Reentry Services.Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care · 2024Article
- Health Service Utilization in Adolescents Following a First Arrest: The Role of Antisocial Behavior, Callous-Unemotional Traits, and Juvenile Justice System Processing.Administration and policy in mental health · 2024Article
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Risks in US Carceral Facilities, 2022.American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Policy solutions to eliminate racial and ethnic child health disparities in the USA.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Review
- Children's rights as a unifying framework to remedy our failing youth justice system.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Cumulative trauma, adversity, and loss among juvenile justice-involved girls: Implications for health disparities.Journal of traumatic stress · 2023Article
- Voice of incarcerated male youths in Malawi's semi-urban prisons: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Parents' Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences and Offspring Involvement With the Criminal Legal System.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- "It's not ever going to work, so why would I even try?": Black and Latino youths' perspectives on behavioral health treatment engagement during reentry after incarceration.Children and youth services review · 2023Article
- Racial disparities in youth pretrial detention: a retrospective cohort study grounded in critical race theory.Health & justice · 2023Article
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesDespite the widespread epidemic of mass incarceration in the US, relatively little literature exists examining the longitudinal relationship between youth incarceration and adult health outcomes. We sought to quantify the association of youth incarceration with subsequent adult health outcomes.
methodsWe analyzed data from 14 344 adult participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. We used weighted multivariate logistic regressions to investigate the relationship between cumulative incarceration duration (none, <1 month, 1-12 months, and >1 year) before Wave IV (ages 24-34 years) and subsequent adult health outcomes (general health, functional limitations, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts). Models controlled for Wave I (grades 7-12) baseline health, sociodemographics, and covariates associated with incarceration and health.
resultsA total of 14.0% of adults reported being incarcerated between Waves I and IV. Of these, 50.3% reported a cumulative incarceration duration of <1 month, 34.8% reported 1 to 12 months, and 15.0% reported >1 year. Compared with no incarceration, incarceration duration of < 1 month predicted subsequent adult depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.80; P = .005). A duration of 1 to 12 months predicted worse subsequent adult general health (OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.12-1.96; P = .007). A duration of >1 year predicted subsequent adult functional limitations (OR = 2.92; 95% CI, 1.51-5.64; P = .002), adult depressive symptoms (OR = 4.18; 95% CI, 2.48-7.06; P < .001), and adult suicidal thoughts (OR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.09-5.01; P = .029).
conclusionsCumulative incarceration duration during adolescence and early adulthood is independently associated with worse physical and mental health later in adulthood. Potential mechanisms merit exploration.
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