ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2017
The Effects of Metformin on Obesity-Induced Dysfunctional Retinas.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Morphological and Functional Alterations in the Mouse Retina After Sodium Fluorescein Administration.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Peptide Lv Deficiency Adversely Impacts the Structural and Functional Integrity of the Neural Retina.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Preconception Paternal Alcohol Consumption Elicits Postnatal Changes in Neural Retinas of the Offspring.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Retinal and metabolic changes in a high-fat diet (HFD)+STZ model of Type II diabetes.Molecular vision · 2024Article
- A patient advocating for transparent science in rare disease research.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2023Article
- MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) and Diabetic Retinopathy: Is miR-150 Only a Biomarker or Does It Contribute to Disease Progression?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Metformin and retinal diseases in preclinical and clinical studies: Insights and review of literature.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2022Review
- MicroRNA-150 and its target ETS-domain transcription factor 1 contribute to inflammation in diabetic photoreceptors.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Interaction of miR-146a-5p with oxidative stress and inflammation in complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in male rats: Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory protection strategies in type 2 diabetic retinopathy.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
- Metformin attenuated histopathological ocular deteriorations in a streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rat model.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2021Article
- Impacts of high fat diet on ocular outcomes in rodent models of visual disease.Experimental eye research · 2021Review
- Effects of high-fat diet and Apoe deficiency on retinal structure and function in mice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Decreased miR-150 in obesity-associated type 2 diabetic mice increases intraocular inflammation and exacerbates retinal dysfunction.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Article
- Article
- Retinoprotection by BGP-15, a Hydroximic Acid Derivative, in a Type II Diabetic Rat Model Compared to Glibenclamide, Metformin, and Pioglitazone.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Newly Identified Peptide, Peptide Lv, Promotes Pathological Angiogenesis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Article
- Article
- Melatonin Affects Mitochondrial Fission/Fusion Dynamics in the Diabetic Retina.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2017
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of metformin on dysfunctional retinas in obesity-induced type 2 diabetic mice. Methods: A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mouse model (C57BL/6J) was used in this study. After 2 months of the HFD regimen, HFD mice were given daily metformin through oral gavage. Body weights, glucose tolerance, and retinal light responses were monitored regularly. Fluorescein angiography (FA) was used to assess changes in retinal vasculature. Ocular tissues (retina, vitreous, and lens) were harvested and analyzed for molecular changes as determined by immunofluorescent staining, Western blot analysis, and cytokine profiling. Results: Starting 1 month after the diet regimen, mice fed the HFD had mildly compromised retinal light responses as measured by electroretinography (ERG), which worsened over time compared to that in the control. In HFD mice treated with metformin, systemic glucose levels reverted back to normal, and their weight gain slowed. Metformin reversed HFD-induced changes in phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK), and 5'AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) in the retina. However, metformin treatments for 3 months did not restore the retinal light responses nor lessen the HFD-induced retinal neovascularization, even though it did reduce intraocular inflammation. Conclusions: Although metformin was able to reverse systemic changes induced by HFD, it was not able to restore HFD-caused retinal light responses or deter neovascularization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.