ArticlePloS one2017
Polymicrobial Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Fighting In Vitro Candida albicans-Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms with Antifungal-Antibacterial Combination Therapy.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- DecipheringMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Review
- Bacterial Biofilms-A Threat to Biliary Stents, Understanding Their Formation, Clinical Consequences and Management.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Controlling Oral Polymicrobial Biofilm Using Usnic Acid on the Surface of Titanium in the Artificial Saliva Media.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Co-immobilization of Ciprofloxacin and Chlorhexidine as a Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Dual-Drug Coating for Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-Based Endotracheal Tubes.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Surface adherence and vacuolar internalization of bacterial pathogens to the Candida spp. cells: Mechanism of persistence and propagation.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
- Pathogen Burden Among ICU Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Hail Saudi Arabia with Particular Reference to β-Lactamases Profile.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- In Vitro Assessment on Designing Novel Antibiofilms ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Functionalized Self-Assembled Monolayers: Versatile Strategies to Combat Bacterial Biofilm Formation.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Recent Advances and Opportunities in the Study ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of neonates with polymicrobial ventilator-associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Portuguese honeys as antimicrobial agents againstJournal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2021Article
- Prospects of Inhaled Phage Therapy for Combatting Pulmonary Infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Pitfalls Associated with Discriminating Mixed-Species Biofilms by Flow Cytometry.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Impact of Oral Care and Antisepsis on the Prevalence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2020Article
- Antibiofilm activities of ceragenins and antimicrobial peptides against fungal-bacterial mono and multispecies biofilms.The Journal of antibiotics · 2020Article
- Virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection converts antimicrobial amyloids into cytotoxic prions.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2020Article
- Hydrogen Peroxide-Generating Electrochemical Scaffold Activity against Trispecies Biofilms.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Honey as a Strategy to FightAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Caspofungin and Polymyxin B Reduce the Cell Viability and Total Biomass of Mixed Biofilms of Carbapenem-ResistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The polymicrobial nature of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is now evident, with mixed bacterial-fungal biofilms colonizing the VAP endotracheal tube (ETT) surface. The microbial interplay within this infection may contribute for enhanced pathogenesis and exert impact towards antimicrobial therapy. Consequently, the high mortality/morbidity rates associated to VAP and the worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance has promoted the search for novel therapeutic strategies to fight VAP polymicrobial infections. Under this scope, this work aimed to assess the activity of mono- vs combinational antimicrobial therapy using one antibiotic (Polymyxin B; PolyB) and one antifungal (Amphotericin B; AmB) agent against polymicrobial biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The action of isolated antimicrobials was firstly evaluated in single- and polymicrobial cultures, with AmB being more effective against C. albicans and PolyB against P. aeruginosa. Mixed planktonic cultures required equal or higher antimicrobial concentrations. In biofilms, only PolyB at relatively high concentrations could reduce P. aeruginosa in both monospecies and polymicrobial populations, with C. albicans displaying only punctual disturbances. PolyB and AmB exhibited a synergistic effect against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans mixed planktonic cultures, but only high doses (256 mg L-1) of PolyB were able to eradicate polymicrobial biofilms, with P. aeruginosa showing loss of cultivability (but not viability) at 2 h post-treatment, whilst C. albicans only started to be inhibited after 14 h. In conclusion, combination therapy involving an antibiotic and an antifungal agent holds an attractive therapeutic option to treat severe bacterial-fungal polymicrobial infections. Nevertheless, optimization of antimicrobial doses and further clinical pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and toxicodynamics studies underpinning the optimal use of these drugs are urgently required to improve therapy effectiveness and avoid reinfection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.