ArticleCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)2017
Toxoplasma gondii induces autophagy and apoptosis in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via downregulation of Mcl-1.
Article in Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxoplasma gondii-Derived Soluble Factors Induce G2/M Phase Accumulation and p53-Associated Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Active tuberculosis disease in pregnancy alters frequencies of B-cell subsets among exposed neonates in Uganda.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Research Hotspots and Frontier Trends of Autophagy in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy From 2014 to 2024: A Bibliometric Analysis.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Article
- CircRNA LOC729852 promotes bladder cancer progression by regulating macrophage polarization and recruitment via the miR-769-5p/IL-10 axis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Overview of Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Inflammatory Processes inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Autophagy in protists and their hosts: When, how and why?Autophagy reports · 2023Article
- Modeling the human placental barrier to understandFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Mediates ERK1/2- and JNK-Dependent TNF-α Production in Toxoplasma gondii-Infected HTR8/SVneo Human Extravillous Trophoblast Cells.The Korean journal of parasitology · 2020Article
- The Host Autophagy DuringFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Transmission ofFrontiers in medicine · 2019Article
- The Toxoplasma gondii ME-49 strain upregulates levels of A20 that inhibit NF-κB activation and promotes apoptosis in human leukaemia T-cell lines.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- miR-142-3p regulates autophagy by targeting ATG16L1 in thymic-derived regulatory T cell (tTreg).Cell death & disease · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are critical for controlling Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection. T. gondii infection during pregnancy can damage the fetus and cause birth defects; however, the molecular mechanisms of this process are poorly understood. This study aims to determine the activities of autophagy and apoptosis as well as their regulatory mechanisms during T. gondii infection by using human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) as a model of congenital diseases. LC3B, a hallmark protein of autophagy was incrementally upregulated with the infection duration, whereas p62 was downregulated in T. gondii-infected hUC-MSCs. Concurrent to this result, the invasion of T. gondii into hUC-MSCs increased in a time-dependent manner. The expression levels of Bcl-2 family proteins including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bim, Bax, Bid and Bak were not altered; however, Mcl-1 levels in hUC-MSCs were dramatically decreased upon T. gondii infection. In addition, at 24 h post-infection, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels were elevated in hUC-MSCs. Importantly, Mcl-1 overexpression reduced the levels of autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins in T. gondii-infected hUC-MSCs. Mcl-1 proteins were primarily expressed in the fraction containing mitochondria and strongly interacted with Beclin-1 under normal conditions; however, these interactions were remarkably attenuated by T. gondii infection. These results suggest that mitochondrial Mcl-1 is an essential signaling mediator regulating the activation of autophagy and apoptosis during T. gondii infection.
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