ArticleMolecular medicine reports2017
Increased frequency of peripheral blood follicular helper T cells and elevated serum IL‑21 levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Article in Molecular medicine reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adipose-Joint Crosstalk in Obesity-Induced Osteoarthritis: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Translational Therapeutic Opportunities.Current rheumatology reports · 2026Review
- Osteoarthritis: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.MedComm · 2026Review
- CSPG4Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2026Article
- Joint Tissues: Convergence and Divergence of the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Identification of hub genes through integrated single-cell and microarray transcriptome analysis in osteoarthritic meniscus.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- The volumes of amygdala subregions and peripheral programmed cell death protein-1 levels are associated with cognitive decline in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Identification of key hub genes in knee osteoarthritis through integrated bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Role of MicroRNAs in the Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Enhanced understanding of cinnamaldehyde's therapeutic potential in osteoarthritis through bioinformatics and mechanistic validation of its anti-apoptotic effect.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Association of inflammation and nutrition status with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with osteoarthritis: NHANES, 1999-2018.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Two Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem-Cells Injections to Osteoarthritic Elbows in Dogs-Pilot Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Treatments for Osteoarthritis.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Inflammaging and Osteoarthritis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
- Osteopontin: A Bone-Derived Protein Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Immunopathology.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Identification and validation of BCL6 and VEGFA as biomarkers and ageing patterns correlating with immune infiltrates in OA progression.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Impact of Hemin on Interleukin-21 Levels and Plasma Cells in Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia with Positive and Negative Allo-Autoantibody.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Role of Hemin in the Immune Response of T Follicular Helper Lymphocytes Expressing T-Cell Immunoreceptor with Immunoglobulin and Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Inhibitory Domains, Programmed Cell Death-1, and Interleukin-21 in Allo-Auto Positive and Negative Thalassemia.Journal of blood medicine · 2023Article
- The immune role of the intestinal microbiome in knee osteoarthritis: a review of the possible mechanisms and therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Identification of cuproptosis-related subtypes, characterization of immune microenvironment infiltration, and development of a prognosis model for osteoarthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An aberrant immune response has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the role of peripheral blood follicular helper T (TFH) cells in the pathogenesis of OA has yet to be elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of TFH cells and serum interleukin‑21 (IL‑21) in the pathogenesis of OA. Frequency of peripheral blood inducible costimulator (ICOS)+, programmed death 1 (PD‑1)+, and IL‑21+ CXCR5+CD4+ T cells in 40 patients with OA and 13 healthy controls (HCs) were examined by flow cytometry. The disease state in individual patients was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Concentrations of serum IL‑21, interferon‑γ (INF‑γ), IL‑4, IL‑17A, and C‑reactive protein (CRP) were determined, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was measured. The percentages of CXCR5+CD4+ cells, PD‑1+CXCR5+CD4+, ICOS+CXCR5+CD4+ and IL‑21+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells in OA patients were significantly higher than those in the HCs. Furthermore, serum IL‑21, IL‑17A and IFN‑γ levels in OA patients were significantly higher than those in HCs. Expression of IL‑21+TFH cells in OA patients demonstrated a positive correlation with OA disease activity, CRP levels and WOMAC. TFH cells and IL‑21 appear to serve an important role in the progression of OA. IL‑21+TFH cells may prove to be a marker of OA disease activity.
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