Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28104770›Full record

ReviewCirculation research2017

Decline in Cardiovascular Mortality: Possible Causes and Implications.

George A Mensah, Gina S Wei, Paul D Sorlie, Lawrence J Fine, Yves Rosenberg, Peter G Kaufmann, Michael E Mussolino, Lucy L Hsu, Ebyan Addou, Michael M Engelgau and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Circulation research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 425 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
425citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
43.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

425 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 826 citations in OpenAlex.

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  2. Withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs in older people.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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365 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

George A MensahFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD. George.Mensah@nih.gov.
Gina S WeiFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Paul D SorlieFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Lawrence J FineFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Yves RosenbergFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Peter G KaufmannFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Michael E MussolinoFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Lucy L HsuFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Ebyan AddouFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Michael M EngelgauFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
David GordonFrom the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute · US

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 HL999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

If the control of infectious diseases was the public health success story of the first half of the 20th century, then the decline in mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke has been the success story of the century's past 4 decades. The early phase of this decline in coronary heart disease and stroke was unexpected and controversial when first reported in the mid-1970s, having followed 60 years of gradual increase as the US population aged. However, in 1978, the participants in a conference convened by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute concluded that a significant recent downtick in coronary heart disease and stroke mortality rates had definitely occurred, at least in the US Since 1978, a sharp decline in mortality rates from coronary heart disease and stroke has become unmistakable throughout the industrialized world, with age-adjusted mortality rates having declined to about one third of their 1960s baseline by 2000. Models have shown that this remarkable decline has been fueled by rapid progress in both prevention and treatment, including precipitous declines in cigarette smoking, improvements in hypertension treatment and control, widespread use of statins to lower circulating cholesterol levels, and the development and timely use of thrombolysis and stents in acute coronary syndrome to limit or prevent infarction. However, despite the huge growth in knowledge and advances in prevention and treatment, there remain many questions about this decline. In fact, there is evidence that the rate of decline may have abated and may even be showing early signs of reversal in some population groups. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, through a request for information, is soliciting input that could inform a follow-up conference on or near the 40th anniversary of the original landmark conference to further explore these trends in cardiovascular mortality in the context of what has come before and what may lie ahead.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes MellitusHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMortalityObesityPrimary PreventionRisk FactorsSecondary PreventionSmokingHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorscardiovascular diseasescoronary diseasehypertensionmortalityrisk factors

Identifiers

PMID28104770
PMCPMC5268076
OpenAlexW2576869859

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.