ArticleCanadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie2017
ADHD Treatment in Primary Care: Demographic Factors, Medication Trends, and Treatment Predictors.
Article in Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): systematic review and meta-analysis.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Pooled it
- Fifty years of preventing and treating childhood behaviour disorders: a systematic review to inform policy and practice.Evidence-based mental health · 2018Pooled it
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and perinatal mental illness: a population-based study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Critical appraisal of studies evaluating prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Healthcare use in individuals with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A population-based longitudinal matched cohort study.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Early identification of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).PLOS digital health · 2024Article
- Self-Stigma of Canadian Youth With ADHD and Their Parents.Journal of attention disorders · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Incidence Trends of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Youth Aged 1-24 Years in Ontario, Canada: A Validation Study of Health Administrative Data Algorithms: Tendances de la prévalence et de l'incidence du trouble de déficit de l'attention/hyperactivité chez les enfants et les jeunes âgés de 1 à 24 ans, en Ontario, Canada: une étude de validation des algorithmes de données administratives de santé.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2024Article
- Estimating Cumulative Health Care Costs of Childhood and Adolescence Autism Spectrum Disorder in Ontario, Canada: A Population-Based Incident Cohort Study.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2023Article
- Mental Health Care Use Among Children and Adolescents With High Health Care Costs in Ontario, Canada.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Article
- Pediatric Psychotropic Polypharmacy: An Evaluation of the Correlates and Prevalence Across Assessment Cycles in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- A Review of Canadian Diagnosed ADHD Prevalence and Incidence Estimates Published in the Past Decade.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Global prevalence of antidepressant drug utilization in the community: protocol for a systematic review.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Morbidities and mortality of diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over the youth lifespan: A population-based retrospective cohort study.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2022Article
- Antenatal corticosteroid administration and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in childhood: a regression discontinuity study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2022Article
- A retrospective medical chart review of clinical outcomes in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treated with guanfacine extended-release in routine Canadian clinical practice.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2021Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle habits and mental health symptoms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Canada.Paediatrics & child health · 2021Article
- Assessing the validity of administrative health data for the identification of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder in Ontario.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2021Article
- Identifying Children and Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Electronic Medical Records: Examining Health System Utilization and Comorbidities.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and characteristics of youth with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Ontario, Canada, and to determine the predictors of psychotropic medication prescriptions in youth with ADHD.
methodThis is a cross-sectional retrospective chart abstraction of more than 250 000 medical records from youth aged 1 to 24 years in a large geographical region in Ontario, Canada, linked to population-based health administrative data. A total of 10 000 charts were randomly selected and manually reviewed using predetermined criteria for ADHD and comorbidities. Prevalence, comorbidities, demographic indicators, and health service utilization characteristics were calculated. Predictors of treatment characteristics were determined using logistic regression modelling.
resultsThe prevalence of ADHD was 5.4% (7.9% males, 2.7% females). Youth with ADHD had significant psychiatric comorbidities. The majority (70.0%) of ADHD patients received prescriptions for stimulant or nonstimulant ADHD medication. Antipsychotic prescriptions were provided to 11.9% of ADHD patients versus 0.9% of patients without ADHD. Antidepressant prescriptions were provided to 19.8% versus 5.4% of patients with and without ADHD, respectively. Predictors of antidepressant prescriptions were increasing age (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.21), psychiatric consultation (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.58), and diagnoses of both anxiety and depression (OR, 18.4; 95% CI, 8.03 to 42.1), whereas the only predictor of antipsychotic prescriptions was psychiatric consultation (OR, 3.85; 95% CI, 2.11 to 7.02).
conclusionsYouth with ADHD have more psychiatric comorbidities than youth without ADHD. The majority of youth with ADHD received stimulant medications, and a significant number received additional psychotropic medications, with psychiatric consultation predicting medication use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.