SynthesisTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2017
Outcomes of HIV-positive patients lost to follow-up in African treatment programmes.
Synthesis in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03848728 (Strategic Antiretroviral Therapy and HIV Testing for Youth in Rural Africa), which is not on this map. Cited by 76 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Strategic Antiretroviral Therapy and HIV Testing for Youth in Rural Africa
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Birth and death notification via mobile devices: a mixed methods systematic review.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Attrition of HIV-positive children from HIV services in low and middle-income countries.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Mortality due to low-quality health systems in the universal health coverage era: a systematic analysis of amenable deaths in 137 countries.Lancet (London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Outcomes of Patients Lost to Follow-up in African Antiretroviral Therapy Programs: Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Pooled it
- Attrition of HIV-exposed infants from early infant diagnosis services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Pooled it
- Evaluation of a training intervention to improve cancer care in Zimbabwe: Strategies to Improve Kaposi Sarcoma Outcomes (SIKO), a prospective community-based stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Trial
- The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a family-based economic empowerment intervention (Suubi + Adherence) on suppression of HIV viral loads among adolescents living with HIV: results from a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in southern Uganda.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Effect of Enhanced Adherence Package on Early ART Uptake Among HIV-Positive Pregnant Women in Zambia: An Individual Randomized Controlled Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2021Trial
- Incidence and predictors of loss to follow-up among HIV infected adults on antiretroviral therapy in Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2023.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Applying Machine Learning to Predict Loss to Follow-Up Among People Living With HIV in Haiti Using a National Electronic Medical Record Cohort.International journal of public health · 2026Article
- Why do female sex workers disengage from targeted reproductive and sexual health services? Experiences from the Sisters with a Voice programme in Zimbabwe.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Development of a machine learning prediction model for loss to follow-up in HIV care using routine electronic medical records in a low-resource setting.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Time-dependent predictors of loss to follow-up in HIV care in low-resource settings: A competing risks approach.PloS one · 2025Article
- Retention on antiretroviral therapy and drivers of lost-to-follow up in the Central African Republic: a longitudinal analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Rate and predictors of loss to follow-up in HIV care in a low-resource setting: analyzing critical risk periods.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Correcting mortality estimates among children and youth on antiretroviral therapy in southern Africa: A comparative analysis between a multi-country tracing study and linkage to a health information exchange.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2024Article
- Tracking People Living with HIV in Loss to Follow Up in Central Brazil: A Call for Attention to Health Services.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Estimating the mortality risk correcting for high loss to follow-up among female sex workers with HIV in Durban, South Africa, 2018-2021.Annals of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Antiretroviral therapy retention, adherence, and clinical outcomes among postpartum women with HIV in Nigeria.PloS one · 2024Article
- Retention in care among people living with HIV in the national antiretroviral therapy programme in Guinea: A retrospective cohort analysis.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe retention of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is key to achieving global targets in response to the HIV epidemic. Loss to follow-up (LTFU) can be substantial, with unknown outcomes for patients lost to ART programmes. We examined changes in outcomes of patients LTFU over calendar time, assessed associations with other study and programme characteristics and investigated the relative success of different tracing methods.
methodsWe performed a systematic review and logistic random-effects meta-regression analysis of studies that traced adults or children who started ART and were LTFU in sub-Saharan African treatment programmes. The primary outcome was mortality, and secondary outcomes were undocumented transfer to another programme, treatment interruption and the success of tracing attempts.
resultsWe included 32 eligible studies from 12 countries in sub-Saharan Africa: 20 365 patients LTFU were traced, and 15 708 patients (77.1%) were found. Compared to telephone calls, tracing that included home visits increased the probability of success: the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 9.35 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85-47.31). The risk of death declined over calendar time (aOR per 1-year increase 0.86, 95% CI 0.78-0.95), whereas undocumented transfers (aOR 1.13, 95% CI 0.96-1.34) and treatment interruptions (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.18-1.45) tended to increase. Mortality was lower in urban than in rural areas (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.36-0.98), but there was no difference in mortality between adults and children. The CD4 cell count at the start of ART increased over time.
conclusionsMortality among HIV-positive patients who started ART in sub-Saharan Africa, were lost to programmes and were successfully traced has declined substantially during the scale-up of ART, probably driven by less severe immunodeficiency at the start of therapy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.