ArticleFrontiers in physiology2016
Living at a Geographically Higher Elevation Is Associated with Lower Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Prospective Analysis of the SUN Cohort.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Is altitude a determinant of the health benefits of nature exposure? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in ethnic minority adults in plateau areas: a cross-sectional study in Yunnan Province.BMC public health · 2025Article
- HypoxyStat, a small-molecule form of hypoxia therapy that increases oxygen-hemoglobin affinity.Cell · 2025Article
- Traditional Maasai Dietary Practices and Their Inapplicability to Modern Carnivore Diets: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Prevalence and factors associated with unhealthy metabolic status according to body mass index: analysis of a national nutritional survey.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- A U-shaped protection of altitude against mortality and infection of COVID-19 in Peru: an ecological study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Association between Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome and Modification Effect of Altitude: A Cohort Study of Tibetan Adults in China.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Organ-specific fuel rewiring in acute and chronic hypoxia redistributes glucose and fatty acid metabolism.Cell metabolism · 2023Article
- Review
- Association between Altitude and the Framingham Risk Score: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Peruvian Adult Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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- Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2021Article
- Differences in the prevalence of physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors between people living at low (<1,001 m) compared to moderate (1,001-2,000 m) altitude.AIMS public health · 2021Article
- Geographic components of SARS-CoV-2 expansion: a hypothesis.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Review
- Oxygenation of adipose tissue: A human perspective.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2020Review
- Low Elevation and Physical Inactivity are Associated with a Higher Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Ecuadorian Adults: A National Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- Article
- Cerebral bioenergetic differences measured by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy between bipolar disorder and healthy subjects living in two different regions suggesting possible effects of altitude.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2019Article
- Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Regulate Insulin Sensitivity and Oxidative Markers in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and C2C12 Myotubes.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Living in a geographically higher altitude affects oxygen availability. The possible connection between environmental factors and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) feature is not fully understood, being the available epidemiological evidence still very limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the longitudinal association between altitude and incidence of MetS and each of its components in a prospective Spanish cohort, The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) project. Our study included 6860 highly educated subjects (university graduates) free from any MetS criteria at baseline. The altitude of residence was imputed with the postal code of each individual subject residence according to the data of the Spanish National Cartographic Institute and participants were categorized into tertiles. MetS was defined according to the harmonized definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between the altitude of residence and the risk of MetS during follow-up. After a median follow-up period of 10 years, 462 incident cases of MetS were identified. When adjusting for potential confounders, subjects in the highest category of altitude (>456 m) exhibited a significantly lower risk of developing MetS compared to those in the lowest tertile (<122 m) of altitude of residence [Model 2: Hazard ratio = 0.75 (95% Confidence interval: 0.58-0.97);
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