SynthesisMedicine2017
Prediction of risk of diabetic retinopathy for all-cause mortality, stroke and heart failure: Evidence from epidemiological observational studies.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between diabetic retinopathy, mortality, disease, and mental health: an umbrella review of observational meta-analyses.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Eye disease and mortality, cognition, disease, and modifiable risk factors: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies.Eye (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- The relationship between carotid disease and retinopathy in diabetes: a systematic review.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2020Pooled it
- Is central obesity associated with diabetic retinopathy in Chinese individuals? An exploratory study.The Journal of international medical research · 2019Pooled it
- Association between diabetic eye disease and other complications of diabetes: Implications for care. A systematic review.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Pooled it
- Should patient enrollment criteria for anti-VEGF phase III trials be reconsidered.Journal of diabetes · 2023Trial
- Recent Investigations on Pathogenesis, Biomarkers, Epigenetics, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies to Modulate Multiple Signaling Pathways in Diabetic Retinopathy.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Interpreting Deep Neural Networks in Diabetic Retinopathy Grading: A Comparison with Human Decision Criteria.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Diabetic retinopathy further increases risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in a high-risk cohort.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The association in diabetic retinopathy and stroke finding from NHANES evidence.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Relationship Between the Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte Count, Platelet Count (HALP) Score and Type 2 Diabetes Retinopathy.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Recurrent Vitreous Hemorrhage in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients after Posterior Vitrectomy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Association of retinopathy with risk of all-cause and specific-cause mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005 to 2008.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Association of Serum Bile Acid and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles with the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy May Be a Predictor of Stroke in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Review
- Diabetic Retinopathy as a Predictor of Angiographic Coronary Atherosclerosis Severity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Article
- Diabetic retinopathy predicts cardiovascular disease independently of subclinical atherosclerosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To examine and quantify the potential relation between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and risk of all-cause mortality, stroke and heart failure (HF).The resources of meta-analysis of epidemiological observational studies were from Pub-med, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, conference, and proceedings.Random/fixed effects models were used to calculate pooled subgroup analysis stratified by different grades of DR was performed to explore the potential source of heterogeneity. Statistical manipulations were undertaken using program STATA.Of the included 25 studies, comprising 142,625 participants, 19 studies were concluded to find the relation of DR to all-cause mortality, 5 for stroke, and 3 for HF. Risk ratio (RR) for all-cause mortality with the presence of DR was 2.33 (95% CI 1.92-2.81) compared with diabetic individuals without DR. Evidences showed a higher risk of all-cause mortality associated with DR in patients with T2D or T1D (RR 2.25, 95% CI 1.91-2.65. RR 2.68, 95% CI 1.34-5.36). According to different grades of DR in patients with T2D, RR for all-cause mortality varied, the risk of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) was 1.38 (1.11-1.70), while the risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was 2.32 (1.75-3.06). There was no evidence of significant heterogeneity (Cochran Q test P = 0.29 vs 0.26, I = 19.6% vs 22.6%, respectively). Data from 5 studies in relation to DR and the risk of stroke showed that DR was significantly associated with increased risk of stroke (RR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.35-2.24), compared with patients without DR. Furthermore, DR (as compared with individuals without DR) was associated with a marginal increased risk of HF in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (n = 3 studies; RR 2.24, 95% CI 0.98-5.14, P = 0.056).Our results showed that DR increased the risk of all-cause mortality, regardless of the different stages, compared with the diabetic individuals without DR. DR predicted increased risk of stroke and HF. Although only 3 studies about HF were available, the association between DR and HF should be careful.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.