ReviewThe Journal of physiology2017
Sex, drugs and rock and roll: tales from preterm fetal life.
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Magnesium Sulfate for Perinatal Neuroprotection: What Have We Learnt From the Past Decade?Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Does the Maternal Gut Microbiome Influence the Outcome of Perinatal Asphyxia?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Atrioventricular conduction abnormalities are associated with poor outcome following intermittent umbilical cord occlusions in fetal sheep.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Perinatal compromise affects development, form, and function of the hippocampus part one; clinical studies.Pediatric research · 2024Review
- Perinatal compromise affects development, form, and function of the hippocampus part two; preclinical studies.Pediatric research · 2024Review
- Acute-on-chronic: using magnetic resonance imaging to disentangle the haemodynamic responses to acute and chronic fetal hypoxaemia.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Influence of Neonatal Sex on Breast Milk Protein and Antioxidant Content in Spanish Women in the First Month of Lactation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Fetal growth restriction and stillbirth: Biomarkers for identifying at risk fetuses.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Sex Differences in Placental Protein Expression and Efficiency in a Rat Model of Fetal Programming Induced by Maternal Undernutrition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Altered Cardiovascular Defense to Hypotensive Stress in the Chronically Hypoxic Fetus.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2020Article
- Electroencephalogram studies of hypoxic ischemia in fetal and neonatal animal models.Neural regeneration research · 2020Review
- Fetal cardiovascular response to acute hypoxia during maternal anesthesia.Physiological reports · 2020Article
- Asphyxiated Female and Male Newborn Piglets Have Similar Outcomes With Different Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Interventions.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Article
- Waking up too early - the consequences of preterm birth on sleep development.The Journal of physiology · 2018Review
- The fetus at the tipping point: modifying the outcome of fetal asphyxia.The Journal of physiology · 2018Review
- The peripheral chemoreflex: indefatigable guardian of fetal physiological adaptation to labour.The Journal of physiology · 2018Review
- Influence of Sex on Gestational Complications, Fetal-to-Neonatal Transition, and Postnatal Adaptation.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Review
- The paradox of the preterm fetus.The Journal of physiology · 2017Article
- Role of Perinatal Inflammation in Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Premature fetuses and babies are at greater risk of mortality and morbidity than their term counterparts. The underlying causes are multifactorial, but include exposure to hypoxia. Immaturity of organs and their functional control may impair the physiological defence responses to hypoxia and the preterm fetal responses, or lack thereof, to moderate hypoxia appear to support this concept. However, as this review demonstrates, despite immaturity, the preterm fetus responds to asphyxia in a qualitatively similar manner to that seen at term. This highlights the importance in understanding metabolism versus homeostatic threat when assessing fetal responses to adverse challenges such as hypoxia. Data are presented to show that the preterm fetal adaptation to asphyxia is triphasic in nature. Phase one represents the rapid institution of maximal defences, designed to maintain blood pressure and central perfusion at the expense of peripheral organs. Phase two is one of adaptive compensation. Controlled reperfusion partially offsets peripheral tissue oxygen debt, while maintaining sufficient vasoconstriction to limit the fall in perfusion. Phase three is about decompensation. Strikingly, the preterm fetus generally performs better during phases two and three, and can survive for longer without injury. Paradoxically, however, the ability to survive can lead to longer exposure to hypotension and hypoperfusion and thus potentially greater injury. The effects of fetal sex, inflammation and drugs on the triphasic adaptations are reviewed. Finally, the review highlights the need for more comprehensive studies to understand the complexity of perinatal physiology if we are to develop effective strategies to improve preterm outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.