ReviewNature reviews. Clinical oncology2017
Radiotherapy and immunotherapy: a beneficial liaison?
Review in Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06518018 (Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy Combined With Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy as a Second-Line Treatment in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 572 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy Combined With Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy as a Second-Line Treatment in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Propensity Score-Matched Study
Who cites it
572 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,036 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonlinear duration-efficacy association of neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 blockade with chemoradiotherapy in pMMR/MSS locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review on the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with stereotactic body radiotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Nivolumab plus chemoradiotherapy followed by nivolumab with or without ipilimumab for untreated locally advanced stage III NSCLC: a randomized phase 3 trial.Nature cancer · 2026Trial
- Tumor ecosystem and microbiome features associated with efficacy and resistance to avelumab plus chemoradiotherapy in head and neck cancer.Nature cancer · 2026Trial
- Naxitamab plus stepped-up dosing of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for primary refractory high-risk neuroblastoma: results of a phase I/II trial.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Trial
- Trial
- A Phase II Trial of Naxitamab plus Stepped-up Dosing of GM-CSF for Patients with High-Risk Neuroblastoma in First Complete Remission.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- A Phase 2 Study of Sotigalimab, a CD40 Agonist Antibody, plus Concurrent Chemoradiation as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancers.Cancer research communications · 2025Trial
- MicroRNAs and Alarmins in Cardio-Oncology: Biomarkers and Therapeutic Implications in Skin and Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Radiotherapy and AAV-based immunotherapy: A new alliance for cancer treatment.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Current landscape and future directions of neoantigen vaccines: A new era of personalized cancer immunotherapy.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- The future is not always uniform: rethinking radiotherapy through spatial fractionation.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Radiation-Triggered Chemokine-Secreting Probiotics for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Based Radioimmunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Role of radiotherapy in refractory/relapsed classical Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of targeted therapies and immunotherapy.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Review
- Identification and functional validation of a four-gene signature associated with radiotherapy resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Immunological Reprogramming by Radiation Therapy: Implications for Precision Cancer Treatment.Immunology · 2026Review
- Renal squamous cell carcinoma postoperative recurrence treated with sunitinib combined with radiotherapy: a case report.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Article
- Multicenter Cohort Study of Original or Substitute Systemic Therapy With or Without Brain Radiotherapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer With Brain-Only Progression After First-Line Treatment.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026Article
512 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Investigations into the interaction between radiotherapy and the host immune system have uncovered new mechanisms that can potentially be exploited to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy. Radiation promotes the release of danger signals and chemokines that recruit inflammatory cells into the tumour microenvironment, including antigen-presenting cells that activate cytotoxic T-cell function. By contrast, radiation can attract immunosuppressive cells into the tumour microenvironment. In rare circumstances, the antitumour effect of radiotherapy has been observed outside of the radiation field, known as the abscopal effect. This phenomenon is proposed to have an immune origin and indicates that local radiotherapy elicits systemic effects. Herein, we highlight data that provide new mechanistic explanations for the success or failure of radiotherapy, and postulate how the combination of immune-modulation and radiation could tip the balance of the host immune response to promote cure. We use the concept of radiation- induced tumour equilibrium (RITE) as a starting point to discuss the mechanistic influence of immune-checkpoint therapies on radiotherapy efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.