ReviewThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2017
Noma: Overview of a Neglected Disease and Human Rights Violation.
Review in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and associated risk factors for noma in Nigerian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Impact of short-term reconstructive surgical missions: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2019Pooled it
- Antimicrobial resistance in Noma control: a costly neglect within existing neglect.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Review
- Nanoscale Approaches to Oro-Dental Tissue Engineering: A Review of Strategies, Composites, and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The Role of Family Pathology in Noma: A Scoping Review of Household-Level Risk Factors in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Review
- Saving faces is not enough: Mental health must become core noma care.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- Oral health in Africa: a neglected public health priority.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Prevalence of significant depressive symptoms and associated factors among facially disfigured pediatric Noma patients in Nigeria: A single-centre cross-sectional study.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- [KAP' (Knowledge Attitude Practices) survey of the population and health professionals regarding oral health and noma in 2012 in the Sahel region, Burkina Faso].Medecine tropicale et sante internationale · 2025Article
- Wherever there is poverty - active and passive case finding to address neglect of noma in Mozambique.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Systematic scoping review of the noma evidence landscape: current knowledge and gaps.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Estimated incidence and clinical presentation of Noma in Northern Nigeria (1999-2024).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Nonparametric Testing of Body Mass Index as a Predictor of Severe Noma: Assessing Potential Association.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Resurgence of Noma (Cancrum Oris) in Nigeria.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Cancrum oris and hemiparesis in a young female patient-a case report.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- Noma in the WHO's list of neglected tropical diseases: A review of its impact on undeveloped and developing tropical regions.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Review
- Breaking silence, igniting action: Noma's wail for global health recourse and intervention.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Identifying health risk determinants and molecular targets in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via combined differential and weighted gene co-expression analysis.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Estimation of the Prevalence of Noma in Ethiopia, 2007-2019: A Retrospective Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Noma is an orofacial gangrene affecting malnourished children and mainly observed in tropical countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. Epidemiological data on noma are scarce, but a current estimate of the global incidence is 30,000-40,000 cases per year, with a mortality rate of approximately 85% and a burden of disease calculated to be a loss of 1-10 million disability-adjusted life years. The etiology of noma is multifactorial with malnutrition as an ever present factor, often in combination with concomitant diseases, such as measles, malaria, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and poor oral hygiene. The pathogenesis is a fast-spreading, noncontagious gangrenous infection occurring in the face, often preceded by acute necrotizing gingivitis, and stomatitis. Rare microbiological studies suggest an opportunistic infection caused by an imbalance in normal intraoral microorganisms. Prevention lies in food security, measles vaccination, prevention of malaria and HIV, including the early detection and treatment of necrotizing gingivitis and stomatitis. Early treatment with antibiotics may prevent gangrene or reduce its extent. Late treatment consists of surgical rehabilitation, which is often complex. However, access to medical care is very limited for noma patients due to the extremely poor conditions in which they live that are frequently located in remote rural areas. The authors support the United Nations Human Rights Council Resolution 19/7 adopted on March 22, 2012 "The right to food," and advocate for the inclusion of noma on the list of neglected tropical diseases to encourage more medical and institutional attention for this often lethal or very mutilating infectious gangrene.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.