ArticleThe EMBO journal2017
Cytosolic thioredoxin reductase 1 is required for correct disulfide formation in the ER.
Article in The EMBO journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Context‑dependent targeting of thioredoxin reductase 1 in cancer: a mechanistic review.Magyar onkologia · 2026Review
- SLC33A1 exports oxidized glutathione to maintain endoplasmic reticulum redox homeostasis.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Zika virus: unraveling the complex interplay between viral pathogenesis and host immune defenses.Virology journal · 2026Review
- SLC33A1 exports oxidized glutathione to maintain endoplasmic reticulum redox homeostasis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Redoxome: Protein Folding and Beyond.Biochemistry · 2026Review
- CircRAD23B-208aa Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression by Activating the Unfolded Protein Response through PDIA5 SUMOylation.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Nanomedicine-Driven Modulation of Reductive Stress for Cancer Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Distinct roles for the thioredoxin and glutathione antioxidant systems in Nrf2-Mediated lung tumor initiation and progression.Redox biology · 2025Article
- Thioredoxin: a key factor in cold tumor formation and a promising biomarker for immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Review
- Development of luciferase-based highly sensitive reporters that detect ER-associated protein biogenesis abnormalities.iScience · 2024Article
- A metabolic redox relay supports ER proinsulin export in pancreatic islet β cells.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Article
- Zika virus remodelled ER membranes contain proviral factors involved in redox and methylation pathways.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Tangeretin alleviates Tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated complications in skeletal muscle cells.Cell stress & chaperones · 2023Article
- Dual inhibition of thioredoxin reductase and proteasome is required for auranofin-induced paraptosis in breast cancer cells.Cell death & disease · 2023Article
- Distinct role of ERp57 and ERdj5 as a disulfide isomerase and reductase during ER protein folding.Journal of cell science · 2023Article
- Introduction of a More Glutaredoxin-like Active Site to PDI Results in Competition between Protein Substrate and Glutathione Binding.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Reductive stress triggers ANAC017-mediated retrograde signaling to safeguard the endoplasmic reticulum by boosting mitochondrial respiratory capacity.The Plant cell · 2022Article
- Activation of the UPR sensor ATF6α is regulated by its redox-dependent dimerization and ER retention by ERp18.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Folding of proteins entering the secretory pathway in mammalian cells frequently requires the insertion of disulfide bonds. Disulfide insertion can result in covalent linkages found in the native structure as well as those that are not, so-called non-native disulfides. The pathways for disulfide formation are well characterized, but our understanding of how non-native disulfides are reduced so that the correct or native disulfides can form is poor. Here, we use a novel assay to demonstrate that the reduction in non-native disulfides requires NADPH as the ultimate electron donor, and a robust cytosolic thioredoxin system, driven by thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1 or TXNRD1). Inhibition of this reductive pathway prevents the correct folding and secretion of proteins that are known to form non-native disulfides during their folding. Hence, we have shown for the first time that mammalian cells have a pathway for transferring reducing equivalents from the cytosol to the ER, which is required to ensure correct disulfide formation in proteins entering the secretory pathway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.