ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2017
Long-term effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes in real-world clinical practice: a 5-year longitudinal study.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01937845 (Evaluating the Health Outcomes of the Joslin Why WAIT? Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluating the Health Outcomes of the Joslin Why WAIT? Program (Weight Achievement & Intensive Treatment Program)
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Guideline
- Effects of lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular risk factors in South Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- Perspectives into the experience of successful, substantial long-term weight-loss maintenance: a systematic review.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2021Pooled it
- Long-term Effects of a Collaborative Care Model on Metabolic Outcomes and Depressive Symptoms: 36-Month Outcomes from the INDEPENDENT Intervention.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Trial
- Adjustable gastric band surgery or medical management in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity: three-year results of a randomized trial.Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery · 2019Trial
- Change in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Magnitude of Weight Regain 3 Years After a 1-Year Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Look AHEAD Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Trial
- Novel Smartphone Game Improves Physical Activity Behavior in Type 2 Diabetes.American journal of preventive medicine · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Long-Term Effects of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes in Real-World Clinical Practice: A 15-Year Longitudinal Study.Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- 2025 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Is Weight Loss the Main Driver for A1C Improvement by Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists? A 2.5-Year Analysis in Real-World Clinical Practice.Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Alternative therapeutic strategies in diabetes management.World journal of diabetes · 2024Review
- The Impact of a Nutritional Intervention on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Type 2 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Treat Obesity to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
- 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Sarcopenia as Comorbid Chronic Diseases in Older Adults: Established and Emerging Treatments and Therapies.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2023Review
- Magnitude of A1C improvement in relation to baseline A1C and amount of weight loss in response to intensive lifestyle intervention in real-world diabetes practice: 13 years of observation.Journal of diabetes · 2023Article
- Long-term effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors and microvascular complications in patients with diabetes in real-world clinical practice: a 10-year longitudinal study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2023Article
- Multidisciplinary intensive lifestyle intervention improves markers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 1 diabetes and obesity: a retrospective matched-cohort study.Clinical diabetes and endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWe evaluated long-term impact of sustained weight loss versus weight regain on cardiovascular risk factors in real-world clinical practice.
methodsWe evaluated 129 obese patients with diabetes enrolled in Weight Achievement and Intensive Treatment (Why WAIT) program, a 12-week clinical model of intensive lifestyle intervention. After 1 year, we divided participants into group A, who maintained <7% weight loss (47.3%) and group B (52.7%), who maintained ≥7% weight loss. We continued to follow them for a total of 5 years.
resultsThe total cohort lost 23.8 lbs (-9.7%) at 12 weeks and maintained -16.2 lbs (-6.4%) at 5 years (p<0.001). Group A maintained -8.4 lbs (-3.5%) and group B maintained -23.1 lbs (-9.0%) at 5 years. In group A, A1C decreased from 7.5±1.3% to 6.7±0.9% at 12 weeks but increased to 7.7±1.4% at 1 year and 8.0±1.9% at 5 years. In group B, A1C decreased from 7.4±1.2% to 6.4±0.9% at 12 weeks and rose to 6.8±1.2% at 1 year and 7.3±1.5% at 5 years. Despite weight regain, group A maintained improvement in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol with worsening of serum triglycerides and no change in blood pressure (BP). Group B maintained improvement in lipid profile for 5 years and had significantly lower BP for 18 months.
conclusionsWeight reduction in patients with diabetes can be maintained for 5 years and is predicted by patients' ability to maintain ≥7% weight loss at 1 year. A1C and triglycerides deteriorate with weight regain, while other lipid improvements are maintained. Sustained weight loss is associated with significantly lower A1C for 5 years and lowers BP for 18 months. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01937845.
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