Trial reportThe Journal of urology2017
Urinary Biomarkers in Women with Refractory Urgency Urinary Incontinence Randomized to Sacral Neuromodulation versus OnabotulinumtoxinA Compared to Controls.
Trial report in The Journal of urology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic variants and expression changes in urgency urinary incontinence: A systematic review.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2020Pooled it
- Biomarkers Implicated in Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Systematic Review and Pathway Analyses.The Journal of urology · 2019Pooled it
- Clinical and urodynamic indicators of non-response to OnabotulinumtoxinA in idiopathic overactive bladder.The Canadian journal of urology · 2026Article
- Innovations in Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Sacral Neuromodulation: Device Improvement and Current Applications in Urology.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Feasibility of Real-Time Conditional Sacral Neuromodulation Using Wireless Bladder Pressure Sensor.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2021Article
- Urinary biomarkers in patients with detrusor underactivity with and without bladder function recovery.International urology and nephrology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe measured urinary biomarker levels in women with refractory urgency urinary incontinence and controls at baseline and 6 months after treatment with sacral neuromodulation or intradetrusor injection of onabotulinumtoxinA. We also assessed the association of baseline biomarkers with posttreatment urgency urinary incontinence episodes and overactive bladder symptom bother outcomes. MATERIALS AND
methodsFirst morning urine samples were collected from consented trial participants and age matched women without urgency urinary incontinence. Biomarkers reflecting general inflammation, neuroinflammation, afferent neurotransmitters and tissue remodeling were measured using standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and activity assays as appropriate. Symptom bother was assessed by the overactive bladder questionnaire and urgency urinary incontinence episodes were determined by bladder diary. Linear models were used to examine differences in mean biomarker levels and the change in urgency urinary incontinence episodes and symptom bother between baseline and 6 months. Modest evidence of a potential association was represented by p ≤0.01 and p ≤0.004 represented moderate evidence of an association with outcomes.
resultsBaseline biomarker levels differed little between cases and controls except tropoelastin (p = 0.001) and N-terminal telopeptide collagen type 1 (p <0.001). Changes in biomarker levels 6 months after intervention included decreases in collagenase (p <0.001) in both treatment groups and increases in interleukin-8 (p = 0.002) and matrix metalloprotease-9 (p <0.001) in the onabotulinumtoxinA group. Higher baseline calcitonin gene-related peptide across both treatments (p = 0.007) and nerve growth factor in the onabotulinumtoxinA arm (p = 0.007) were associated with less reduction in overactive bladder symptom bother.
conclusionsRefractory urgency urinary incontinence is a complex condition. These data suggest that matrix remodeling and neuropeptide mediation may be involved in its pathophysiological mechanisms and response to treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.